Bioengineered corneas for transplantation and in vitro toxicology

Bioengineered corneas have been designed to replace partial or the full-thickness of defective corneas, as an alternative to using donor tissues. They range from prosthetic devices that solely address replacement of the corneas function, to tissue engineered hydrogels that permit regeneration of hos...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inFrontiers in bioscience Vol. 14; p. 3326
Main Authors McLaughlin, Christopher R., Tsai, Ray J-F, Latorre, Malcolm A., Griffith, May
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published 2009
Subjects
TECHNOLOGY
TEKNIKVETENSKAP
Artificial
Cornea
Extracellular Matrix
Innervation
In situ
PHEMA
Crosslinking
Review
Scaffold
In vitro
ECM
Stem Cells
3D
Toxicology
Biomimetic
PMMA
Keratoprosthesis
Collagen
Recombinant
Tissue Engineering
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Summary:Bioengineered corneas have been designed to replace partial or the full-thickness of defective corneas, as an alternative to using donor tissues. They range from prosthetic devices that solely address replacement of the corneas function, to tissue engineered hydrogels that permit regeneration of host tissues. In cases where corneal stem cells have been depleted by injury or disease, most frequently involving the superficial epithelium, tissue engineered lamellar implants reconstructed with stem cells have been transplanted. In situ methods using ultraviolet A (UVA) crosslinking have also been developed to strengthen weakened corneas. In addition to the clinical need, bioengineered corneas are also rapidly gaining importance in the area of in vitro toxicology, as alternatives to animal testing. More complex, fully innervated, physiologically active, three-dimensional organotypic models are also being tested.
ISSN:1093-4715
1093-9946
DOI:10.2741/4055