Hepatitis B infection in HIV-1-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy in Lomé, Togo : prevalence and molecular consequences : research

• Published in: South African medical journal Vol. 106; no. 6; pp. 634 - 639
• Main Authors: Patassi, A.A., Landoh, D.E., Benaboud, S., Salou, M., Claver Dagnra, A., Saka, B., Krivine, A., Meritet, J-F, Pitche, P., Salmon-Ceron, D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: South African Medical Association NPC 01.06.2016
• ISSN: 0256-9574; 2078-5135
• DOI: 10.7196/SAMJ.2016.v106i6.10312

Background. No data are available on HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus coinfection in Togo, and patients are not routinelytested for HBV infection. Objectives. To determine the prevalence of HBV and the risk of HBV drug resistance during antiretroviral treatment in HIV-coinfected patients in Togo. Method. This cross-sectional study was carried out in Lomé, Togo, from January 2010 to December 2011 among HIV-infected patients who had been on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for at least 6 months. Results. In total, 1 212 patients (74.9% female) living with HIV/AIDS and treated with ART were included in the study. The seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was 9.7% (117/1 212; 95% confidence interval (CI) 8.04 - 11.45). Of these 117 HBsAg-positive patients, 16 (13.7%) were hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg)-positive, and 115 (98.3%) were on lamivudine. The HBV DNA load was 10 IU/mL were HBeAg positivity (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 6.4; p=0.001) and a higher level of education (aOR 6.5;p=0.026). The prevalence of HBV resistance to lamivudine was 13.0% (15/115; 95% CI 7.0 - 19.0). The detected resistance mutations werertL180M (14/15 patients) and rtM204V/I (15/15). Conclusion. The seroprevalence of HBV among ART-treated HIV-infected patients in Togo was 9.7%. The prevalence of HBV lamivudine resistance mutations after 2 years of ART was 13.0%. These results suggest that HBV screening before ART initiation can be based on HBsAg testing.