In Vivo Quantification of Peroxisome Tethering to Chloroplasts in Tobacco Epidermal Cells Using Optical Tweezers1[OPEN]
Optical tweezers show that peroxisomes are strongly tethered to chloroplasts and more weakly to other structures. Peroxisomes are highly motile organelles that display a range of motions within a short time frame. In static snapshots, they can be juxtaposed to chloroplasts, which has led to the hypo...
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| Published in | Plant physiology (Bethesda) Vol. 170; no. 1; pp. 263 - 272 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
American Society of Plant Biologists
30.10.2015
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| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Summary: | Optical tweezers show that peroxisomes are strongly tethered to chloroplasts and more weakly to other structures.
Peroxisomes are highly motile organelles that display a range of motions within a short time frame. In static snapshots, they can be juxtaposed to chloroplasts, which has led to the hypothesis that they are physically interacting. Here, using optical tweezers, we tested the dynamic physical interaction in vivo. Using near-infrared optical tweezers combined with TIRF microscopy, we were able to trap peroxisomes and approximate the forces involved in chloroplast association in vivo in tobacco (
Nicotiana tabacum
) and observed weaker tethering to additional unknown structures within the cell. We show that chloroplasts and peroxisomes are physically tethered through peroxules, a poorly described structure in plant cells. We suggest that peroxules have a novel role in maintaining peroxisome-organelle interactions in the dynamic environment. This could be important for fatty acid mobilization and photorespiration through the interaction with oil bodies and chloroplasts, highlighting a fundamentally important role for organelle interactions for essential biochemistry and physiological processes. |
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| Bibliography: | Experiments were conceived by I.S. and experimental data generated by H.G. and I.S.; A.D.W., S.W.B., B.C., and M.R.P. built, customized, maintained, and facilitated the use of the optical trap-TIRF system; experimental design was discussed with H.G., A.D.W., S.W.B., and J.M.; A.D.W. calibrated the system and performed bead-trapping experiments; H.G. performed all ImageJ analyses; J.M. wrote the tracking algorithm to generate the displacement values for N.A.T.; visual confirmation of tracking was carried out by J.M., H.G., and I.S.; N.A.T. applied the simple model of a viscously damped sphere on a spring to determine the forces involved in the system; I.S. wrote the article with comments from all authors; N.A.T. wrote Supplemental Note S1; N.A.T. and A.D.W. were involved in writing the section relating to forces. These authors contributed equally to the article. The author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantphysiol.org) is: Imogen Sparkes (i.sparkes@exeter.ac.uk). Present address: Dansk Fundamental Metrologi A/S, Matematiktorvet 307, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark 2800. www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.15.01529 |
| ISSN: | 0032-0889 1532-2548 |
| DOI: | 10.1104/pp.15.01529 |