Transcriptional, Posttranscriptional, and Posttranslational Regulation of SHOOT MERISTEMLESS Gene Expression in Arabidopsis Determines Gene Function in the Shoot Apex1[OPEN]
A homeobox gene key for plant development is regulated at the transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational levels. The activity of SHOOT MERISTEMLESS ( STM ) is required for the functioning of the shoot apical meristem ( SAM ). STM is expressed in the SAM but is down-regulated at the...
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Published in | Plant physiology (Bethesda) Vol. 167; no. 2; pp. 424 - 442 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
American Society of Plant Biologists
18.12.2014
|
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | A homeobox gene key for plant development is regulated at the transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational levels.
The activity of
SHOOT MERISTEMLESS
(
STM
) is required for the functioning of the shoot apical meristem (
SAM
).
STM
is expressed in the
SAM
but is down-regulated at the site of leaf initiation.
STM
is also required for the formation of compound leaves. However, how the activity of
STM
is regulated at the transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational levels is poorly understood. We previously found two conserved noncoding sequences in the promoters of
STM
-like genes across angiosperms, the K-box and the RB-box. Here, we characterize the function of the RB-box in Arabidopsis (
Arabidopsis thaliana
). The RB-box, along with the K-box, regulates the expression of
STM
in leaf sinuses, which are areas on the leaf blade with meristematic potential. The RB-box also contributes to restrict
STM
expression to the
SAM
. We identified FAR1-RELATED SEQUENCES-RELATED FACTOR1 (FRF1) as a binding factor to the RB-box region. FRF1 is an uncharacterized member of a subfamily of four truncated proteins related to the FAR1-RELATED SEQUENCES factors. Internal deletion analysis of the
STM
promoter identified a region required to repress the expression of
STM
in hypocotyls. Expression of
STM
in leaf primordia under the control of the
JAGGED
promoter produced plants with partially undifferentiated leaves. We further found that the ELK domain has a role in the posttranslational regulation of STM by affecting the nuclear localization of STM. |
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Bibliography: | www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.114.248625 The author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantphysiol.org) is: Neelima R. Sinha (nrsinha@ucdavis.edu). |
ISSN: | 0032-0889 1532-2548 |
DOI: | 10.1104/pp.114.248625 |