PPAR-γ as a therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease: evidence and uncertainty Thematic Review Series: New Lipid and Lipoprotein Targets for the Treatment of Cardiometabolic Diseases

• Published in: Journal of lipid research Vol. 53; no. 9; pp. 1738 - 1754
• Main Authors: Huang, Janice V., Greyson, Clifford R., Schwartz, Gregory G.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 01.09.2012
• Subjects: Thematic Review: Cardiometabolic Diseases
• ISSN: 0022-2275; 1539-7262
• DOI: 10.1194/jlr.R024505

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) is a key regulator of fatty acid metabolism, promoting its storage in adipose tissue and reducing circulating concentrations of free fatty acids. Activation of PPAR-γ has favorable effects on measures of adipocyte function, insulin sensitivity, lipoprotein metabolism, and vascular structure and function. Despite these effects, clinical trials of thiazolidinedione PPAR-γ activators have not provided conclusive evidence that they reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The apparent disparity between effects on laboratory measurements and clinical outcomes may be related to limitations of clinical trials, adverse effects of PPAR-γ activation, or off-target effects of thiazolidinedione agents. This review addresses these issues from a clinician's perspective and highlights several ongoing clinical trials that may help to clarify the therapeutic role of PPAR-γ activators in cardiovascular disease.