Maternal Vitamin D-3 Supplementation in an Oxidized-Oil Diet Protects Fetus from Developmental Impairment and Ameliorates Oxidative Stress in Mouse Placenta and Fetus

• Published in: The Journal of nutrition
• Main Authors: Xie, Guangrong, Zhang, Qipeng, Dong, Jinbin, Fang, Zhengfeng, Che, Lianqiang, Lin, Yan, Xu, Shengyu, Zhuo, Yong, Hua, Lun, Jiang, Xuemei, Sun, Mengmeng, Huang, Chao, Li, Lixia, Zou, Yuanfeng, Wu, De, Feng, Bin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 23.07.2024
• Subjects: vitamin D-3; NRF2; oxidized-oil diet; VDR; fetus
• ISSN: 1541-6100

Fried food has increased in popularity worldwide. However, deep frying can increase the production of peroxidative toxins in food, which might be harmful to fetal development. The antioxidative effect of vitamin D-3 (VD-3) has been reported previously. This study aimed to explore how maternal VD-3 supplementation in an oxidized-oil diet during gestation affects fetal antioxidative ability and development. Pregnant mice were randomly assigned into 3 groups: Control group (diet with fresh soybean oil), OSO group [diet with oxidized soybean oil (OSO)], and OSOV group (diet with OSO and 10,000 IU/Kg VD-3). Mice were fed with the corresponding diet during gestation. On day 16.5 of gestation, the placenta and fetus were harvested to analyze antioxidative status. Maternal oxidized-oil diet during gestation significantly reduced placental vessel abundance, labyrinth zone area, and fetal body weight. However, dietary VD-3 supplementation prevented these negative effects of oxidized-oil diet. Maternal intake of oxidized-oil diet increased serum concentrations of malondialdehyde, total-nitric oxide synthase, and inducible nitric oxide synthase, whereas VD-3 supplementation showed a protection effect on it. Additionally, maternal VD-3 supplementation increased the levels of antioxidative enzymes and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), thereby protecting placenta and fetus from apoptosis and oxidative stress caused by an oxidized-oil diet. The gene expression and protein levels of a fatty acid transporter solute carrier family 27 member 1 in the fetal liver were increased by maternal VD-3 supplementation under oxidized-oil diet. Notably, NRF2 could be co-immunoprecipitated with the VD receptor in the placenta. Maternal VD-3 supplementation could protect fetus from oxidized-oil diet induced developmental impairment by alleviating oxidative stress in the placenta and fetus through the VD receptor/NRF2 pathway, at least partially. Thus, ensuring adequate levels of VD-3 through supplementation is often critical during pregnancy.