Traumatic scalp arteriovenous fistula post capillary implantation successfully treated using PHIL embolic agent

A traumatic arteriovenous fistula of the scalp due to hair transplantation (AVFHT) is a rare fistulous communication between branches of the arteries and draining veins in the scalp's subcutaneous tissue. Its incidence is unknown and its clinical manifestations may range from a pulsatile mass t...

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Published inSurgical neurology international Vol. 14; p. 12
Main Authors Alfaro, Alejandro José Quiroz, Ortíz, Andrés Felipe Herrera, Mejia, Juan Andres, Ortegon, Jose David Cardona, Gutierrez, Laura Camila, Tovar, Catalina Andrea Dussan, Zarate, Miguel, Gil-Quiñones, Sebastian Ramiro, Montañez, Marlon Yesid Barrera, Beaujon, Lorena Fernández, Daza, Orlando Manuel Diaz
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States 2023
Subjects
Intervention
Arteriovenous fistula
Angiography
Liquid embolic material
Precipitating hydrophobic injectable liquid
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Summary:A traumatic arteriovenous fistula of the scalp due to hair transplantation (AVFHT) is a rare fistulous communication between branches of the arteries and draining veins in the scalp's subcutaneous tissue. Its incidence is unknown and its clinical manifestations may range from a pulsatile mass to seldom epilepsy. Surgery and interventional approaches (percutaneous and endovascular embolization) using coils and embolic agents such as Onyx have been used as treatment options. The authors report a rare case of an AVFHT successfully treated through percutaneous and endovascular embolization using coils and precipitating hydrophobic injectable liquid (PHIL) embolic agent. This is possibly the first reported case using PHIL embolic agent to treat an AVFHT. The patient presented with a painful and disabling scalp swelling in the right parieto-occipital region 2 years after a hair transplant in 2011. A computed tomography angiography showed an arteriovenous fistula between branches of the right superficial temporal artery and branches of the right occipital artery to the right superficial temporal vein that was successfully embolized using coils and PHIL. The patient was discharged after a smooth recovery and 1 month later remained healthy. Percutaneous and endovascular embolization using PHIL embolic agent can be an alternative treatment for AVFHT.
ISSN:2229-5097