INVESTIGATION OF WOMEN ATHLETE'S TRIAD COMPONENTS IN GYMNASTS

• Published in: Revista da educação física Vol. 20; no. 2; pp. 225 - 233
• Main Authors: Perini, T A, de Oliveira, GL, Dantas, PMS, Fernandes, PR, Fernades Filho, J
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: 01.01.2009
• ISSN: 0103-3948
• DOI: 10.4025/reveducfis.v20i2.5677

The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of the Women Athlete's Triad Syndrome (WAT) components, as well as the satisfaction with the self-body image was checked in gymnasts, comparing it with non-athlete teenage women. The sample was composed by 29 female adolescent professional gymnasts [15,0 c 2,8 years], and 32 non-athletes [15,0 c 1,6 years]. Three self-image validated questionnaires were used: 1 super(st) - Anamnesis - general and nutritional information, training routine and period cycle; 2 super(nd) - Eating Attitudes Test - presence of inappropriate eating, with risk of TA development; and 3 super(rd) - Body Shape Questionnaire - identification of the self-body image distortion degree. The satisfaction with the self-body image was checked, by the difference of total body mass, which was measured by the evaluators and declared as ideal by them. Body measurements were taken from every individual of the sample, using the ISAK international standardization. For the data analysis, the Microsoft Excel 2000 Software was used, using p , 0,05. The study demonstrated that every evaluated woman, form both groups, showed no WAT. But in one gymnast (3,4%), the presence of two of these components was noticed simultaneously, and in fifteen of them (51,7%), a single component was observed, either WAT, period disorder, or osteoporosis. It is concluded that gymnastics can be considered a risk for the development of WAT components, making the gymnast vulnerable in at least one of three components that characterize the WAT.Original Abstract: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a presenca dos componentes que caracterizam a sindrome da triade da mulher atleta (TMA), bem como verificar a satisfacao com a autoimagem corporal em atletas de ginastica ritmica, comparando-as com adolescentes nao atletas. Participaram da amostra 29 atletas femininas de ginastica ritmica de alto rendimento [15,0 c2,8 anos] e 32 adolescentes nao atletas [15,0 c1,6 anos]. Foram aplicados tres questionarios de autorrelato, validados: 1-Anamnese - informacoes gerais e nutricionais, rotina de treinamento e ciclo menstrual, 2-Eating Attitudes Test- presenca de comportamentos alimentares inadequados, de risco para o desenvolvimento de TA; 3- Body Shape Questionnaire- identificacao do grau de distorcao da autoimagem corporal. Foi verificada a satisfacao com a autoimagem corporal pela diferenca entre a massa corporal total medida pelos avaliadores e a declarada como ideal pelas mulheres. Foram feitas medidas antropometricas em todas as voluntarias adotando-se as padronizacoes internacionais da ISAK. Para a analise dos dados foi utilizado o programa Excel, (Microsoft 2000), com valor de p , 0,05. O estudo constatou que todas as avaliadas, de ambos os grupos, apresentaram ausencia da triade da mulher atleta; porem em uma ginasta (3,4%) foi observada a presenca de dois destes componentes simultaneos, e em quinze delas (51,7%), de um unico componente, seja ele TA, disfuncao menstrual ou osteoporose. Conclui-se que a modalidade ginastica ritmica pode ser considerada de risco para o desenvolvimento dos componentes da TMA, tornando a atleta vulneravel a presenca de pelo menos um dos tres componentes que caracterizam a TMA.