Conservative Surgical Management of a Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst in an Adolescent Having Extra-pulmonary Lesions by a Multi-disciplinary Approach

• Published in: Cureus Vol. 16; no. 4; p. e58600
• Main Authors: Bhende, Vishal V, Rathod, Jignesh B, Sharma, Ashwin S, Thacker, Jigar P, Krishnakumar, Mathangi, Mankad, Saptak P, Mehta, Deepakkumar V, Kamat, Hemlata V, Khara, Birva N, Mehta, Sanket H, Prajapati, Dhavalkumar, Kumar, Amit, Chaudhary, Mansi, Kotadiya, Kuldeep V, Gohil, Aradhanaba B, Vani, Prachi P, Panchal, Sweta R, Mehta, Nili J, Patel, Divyanshi A, Gadoya, Vidit A, Ghoti, Himanshu D
• Format: Report
• Language: English
• Published: 01.04.2024
• ISSN: 2168-8184; 2168-8184
• DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58600

Echinococcus granulosus causes hydatid cysts, a significant zoonotic and pulmonary parasitic disease that can mimic various pathologies and is often harder to manage than the disease itself. A hydatid cyst is considered a significant health problem in India, Iran, China, and Mediterranean countries, which lack satisfactory environmental health, preventive medicine, and veterinarian services. Echinococcosis continues to be a major community health burden in several countries, and in some terrains, it constitutes an emerging and re-emerging disease. Cystic echinococcosis is the most common human disease of this genus, and it accounts for a significant number of cases worldwide. Herein, a case involving an 11-year-old presenting with fever, dry cough, and right hypochondrial pain is presented, where imaging revealed a hydatid cyst in the lung. Surgical removal of the cyst was achieved through right posterolateral thoracotomy under one-lung ventilation and anesthesia using intubation with a double-lumen endotracheal tube (DLET or DLT), highlighting surgery as the primary treatment despite the lack of consensus on surgical methods. This case underscores the effectiveness of individualized, parenchyma-preserving surgery for even large, uncomplicated cysts, indicating a positive prognosis.