Predictors of first-year postoperative complications after fixation of low-energy ankle fractures: A single-center, retrospective cohort study of 663 consecutive fractures

• Published in: Revista española de cirugía ortopédica y traumatología Vol. 68; no. 4; p. T363
• Main Authors: Andrés-Peiró, J-V, Pujol, O, Altayó-Carulla, M, Castellanos-Alonso, S, Reverté-Vinaixa, M-M, Teixidor-Serra, J, Tomàs-Hernández, J, Selga-Marsà, J, García-Sánchez, Y, Molero-García, V, Joshi-Jubert, N, Minguell-Monyart, J
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English; Spanish
• Published: 01.07.2024
• ISSN: 1988-8856; 1988-8856
• DOI: 10.1016/j.recot.2024.01.029

Rotational ankle fractures are common, have diverse personalities and affect both robust and fragile patients. Postoperative complications are frequent, creating a sizeable economic burden. The primary purpose of this study was to expand current knowledge on predictors of postoperative complications after low-energy ankle fracture fixation.INTRODUCTIONRotational ankle fractures are common, have diverse personalities and affect both robust and fragile patients. Postoperative complications are frequent, creating a sizeable economic burden. The primary purpose of this study was to expand current knowledge on predictors of postoperative complications after low-energy ankle fracture fixation.A retrospective single-center cohort study was completed of patients undergoing internal fixation OF low-energy ankle fractures. The primary outcome was first-year postoperative complications, classified as major (surgical) or minor (non-surgical). Data on patients, their injuries, and treatments were collected. To identify potential predictors of outcomes, logistic regression methods were used, with a backward-stepwise method used for model fitting.MATERIALS AND METHODSA retrospective single-center cohort study was completed of patients undergoing internal fixation OF low-energy ankle fractures. The primary outcome was first-year postoperative complications, classified as major (surgical) or minor (non-surgical). Data on patients, their injuries, and treatments were collected. To identify potential predictors of outcomes, logistic regression methods were used, with a backward-stepwise method used for model fitting.In total, 663 patients of median age 59 years were analysed. We found a high rate of complications (28.4%), with wound-healing issues and infections predominant. Overall, 14.8% had minor complications, while 13.6% required an unplanned reoperation. On multivariable analysis, the most consistent predictors of complications were older age (OR: 1.02 per year), longer operating time (3.32 per hour), and smoking (2.91).RESULTSIn total, 663 patients of median age 59 years were analysed. We found a high rate of complications (28.4%), with wound-healing issues and infections predominant. Overall, 14.8% had minor complications, while 13.6% required an unplanned reoperation. On multivariable analysis, the most consistent predictors of complications were older age (OR: 1.02 per year), longer operating time (3.32 per hour), and smoking (2.91).Older patients and smokers who sustain fractures requiring more complex surgery are at higher risk of postoperative complications.CONCLUSIONSOlder patients and smokers who sustain fractures requiring more complex surgery are at higher risk of postoperative complications.