A Case of Central Diabetes Insipidus in a Patient With a Pineal Mass Suspected to Be a Germinoma: A Case Report

Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is a rare condition characterized by excessive urination and thirst due to vasopressin deficiency. The underlying cause of CDI remains unknown in many cases. Tumors are a leading cause of CDI in young individuals, with germinoma being the most prevalent. We present a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inCureus Vol. 15; no. 9; p. e46103
Main Authors Hussain, Akbar, Gudipati, Mythili Kanthi, Uy, Edilfavia, Piercy, Jonathan, Ganti, Shyam
Format Report
LanguageEnglish
Published 01.09.2023
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Summary:Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is a rare condition characterized by excessive urination and thirst due to vasopressin deficiency. The underlying cause of CDI remains unknown in many cases. Tumors are a leading cause of CDI in young individuals, with germinoma being the most prevalent. We present a case of a 22-year-old male diagnosed with infundibuloneurohypophysitis (INH) of unknown etiology. His pituitary stalk thickening partially responded to high-dose prednisone treatment; however, one year after initial diagnosis, a new pineal region mass was noted on imaging. Further evaluation revealed the mass to be most likely a germinoma. This case emphasizes the importance of ongoing clinical and radiologic follow-up in idiopathic cases of CDI. The patient's symptoms improved with desmopressin, but the presence of the pineal mass necessitates further comprehensive neurosurgical evaluation.
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ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.46103