Organization of the genic pool of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.: crosses between the wild and cultivated forms of cowpea

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) gene pool organization is studied on the basis of intra-specific crossing between cultivated (cv-gr. Unguiculata, cv-gr. Biflora) and wild forms of the species (var. spontanea, subsp. alba, subsp. stenophylla, subsp. pawekiae, subsp. baoulensis). The rate of cro...

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Published inBiotechnologie, agronomie, société et environnement Vol. 11; no. 1; pp. 47 - 57
Main Authors Kouadio, D, Echikh, N, Toussaint, A, Pasquet, R S, Baudoin, J-P
Format Journal Article
LanguageFrench
Published 01.01.2007
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Summary:Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) gene pool organization is studied on the basis of intra-specific crossing between cultivated (cv-gr. Unguiculata, cv-gr. Biflora) and wild forms of the species (var. spontanea, subsp. alba, subsp. stenophylla, subsp. pawekiae, subsp. baoulensis). The rate of crosses success, the rate of the obtained pods fruitfulness and the pollinic fertility of the hybrids F1 varied according to the wild taxa used. The highest rate of success was obtained for the crossings between cultivated and annual inbred form (40-793%)- This result confirms that var. spontanea is genetically closer to the cultivated forms than the other wild forms. Crosses between cultivated and wild allo-autogamous forms gave intermediate rates of success (17,8-57,9%) and a significant reduction of the pollinic fertility of some hybrids F1. These observations suggest the existence of a genetic divergence between these two groups, however they share the same gene pool. The wild allogamous forms gave the weakest rates of success with the cultivated forms (3,1-40%) showing that they are genetically more distant of these last, compared to the other wild groups. The rates of crosses success are particularly weaker when the wild form subsp. baoulensis is crossed with the cultivated forms.Original Abstract: L'organisation du pool genique du niebe (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) est etudiee sur base de croisements intraspecifiques entre les formes cultivees (cv-gr. Unguiculata, cv-gr. Bifiora) et les formes sauvages de l'espece (var. spontanea, subsp. alba, subsp. stenophylla, subsp. pawekiae, subsp. baoulensis). Le taux de reussite des croisements, le taux de fecondite des gousses obtenues et la fertilit6 pollinique des hybrides F1 varient suivant les taxons sauvages utilises. Le taux de reussite le plus Sieve est obtenu pour les croisements entre les formes cultivees et la forme autogame annuelle (40 times 79,3 %). Ce resultat confirme que var. spontanea est genetiquement plus proche des formes cultivees que les autres formes sauvages. Les croisements entre les formes cultivees et les formes sauvages allo-autogames ont donne des taux de reussite intermediaires (17,8-57,9 %) et une reduction significative de la fertilite pollinique chez certains hybrides F. Ces observations suggerent l'existence d'une divergence genetique entre ces deux groupes, tout en partageant le meme pool genique. Les formes sauvages allogames ont donne les plus faibles taux de reussite avec les formes cultivees (3,1-40 %) montrant qu'elles sont g6netiquement plus distantes de ces dernieres par rapport aux autres groupes sauvages. Les taux de reussite sont particulierement plus faibles lorsque la forme sauvage allogame subsp. baoulensis est croisee avec les formes cultivees. Mots-cles. Niebe croisements, incompatibilite, fertilite, formes sauvages.
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ISSN:1370-6233