Responses of the capillary bed in trained skeletal muscle

Objectives -- There are now experimental evidences about the growth of capillary bed in response to increased functional load in skeletal muscle such as physical exercise. The objective of this review is to discuss the present state of our knowledge on the adaptive responses of the capillary bed to...

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Published inScience & sports Vol. 18; no. 1; pp. 1 - 10
Main Authors Birot, O, Bigard, A X
Format Journal Article
LanguageFrench
Published 01.02.2003
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Summary:Objectives -- There are now experimental evidences about the growth of capillary bed in response to increased functional load in skeletal muscle such as physical exercise. The objective of this review is to discuss the present state of our knowledge on the adaptive responses of the capillary bed to physical training. Topics -- The skeletal muscle is known to respond to physical training and the adaptive response of the microcirculation in mammals is the high capillarity observed in trained skeletal muscles. The increase in the capillary bed after endurance training results mainly from angiogenesis, and only for a short part from changes in the capillary tortuosity. Capillary growth involves several molecular factors ; some are expressed and induced by alterations in local oxygen pressure. The specific role played by mechanical factors and shear stress for capillary growth stimulation remains the matter of debate. Future prospects -- A better knowledge of molecular mechanisms involved in capillary growth is an important stage to examine the general responses to physical training. Researches on exercise-induced capillary growth have many important practical consequences, especially on therapeutic domain.Original Abstract: Objectifs -- le reseau capillaire du muscle squelettique exprime une certaine plasticite en reponse a l'augmentation de la demande fonctionnelle, comme c'est le cas au cours de l'exercice. L'objectif de cette revue est de faire l'etat des connaissances actuelles dans le domaine de l'adaptation du reseau capillaire a l'entrainement. Actualites -- le muscle squelettique d'un organisme vivant entraine se caracterise par un certain nombre de caracteristiques morphologiques et fonctionnelles, dont un reseau capillaire particulierement dense. L'augmentation du reseau capillaire a l'entrainement resulte essentiellement de l'angiogenese, assez peu du remodelage vasculaire. le developpement du nombre de capillaires implique de nombreux facteurs moleculaires, dont certains sont sensibles a l'hypoxie. le role specifique joue par les contraintes hemorrheologiques dans les processus de croissance vasculaires reste l'objet d'apres discussions. Perspectives -- La meilleure connaissance des mecanismes moleculaires impliques dans le developpement du reseau capillaire represente une etape importante de comprehension des reponses generales de l'organisme a l'entrainement. Cette approche est d'autant plus importante qu'elle est susceptible d'avoir des consequences therapeutiques.
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ISSN:0765-1597
DOI:10.1016/S0765-1597(02)00052-7