THE INFLUENCE OF LIPOIC ACID AND VITAMINS A AND E ON SELECTED BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN THE KIDNEYS OF RATS INTOXICATED WITH SODIUM FLUORIDE

• Published in: Fluoride Vol. 45; no. 3; pp. 167 - 168
• Main Authors: Helis, A, Stawiarska-Pieta, B, Grucka-Mamczar, E, Grzeaorzak, N, Bleszczyk, I, Birkner, E, Wyszynska, M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 01.09.2012
• ISSN: 0015-4725

Previous studies have shown that exposure of rats to sodium fluoride has detrimental effects on tissues and cells. Significant impact of fluoride on pathomorphological changes in organs is largely associated with the interference in oxidative processes. The addition of some substances to the diet can reduce the consequences of the NaF-induced oxidative stress. The main purpose of this research was to assess the influence of lipoic acid and antioxidant vitamins A and E on selected enzymes associated with protein metabolism and their impact on the morphological picture of kidneys of rats intoxicated with sodium fluoride. The study was conducted on 24 adult female Wistar rats. The animals were divided into 4 groups. The control group received distilled water. Rats in the study groups (1 super(st), 2 super(nd) and 3 super(rd)) were orally administered NaF at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg bw/24 hr. Rats from the 2 super(nd) group were additionally administered alpha -lipoic acid at a daily dose of 70 mg/kg bw. The 3 super(rd) group was administered vitamin E at a daily dose of 3 mg per rat, vitamin A at a daily dose of 250 IU per rat, and alpha -lipoic acid at the dose above. The experiment lasted for 7 weeks. Afterward, the rats were intraperitoneally anesthetized with thiopental at a dose of 30 mg per rat. At autopsy, the kidneys were removed for histopathological examination and some fragments of organs were collected for biochemical analyses. Ten percent of these parts served as homogenates, in which the activity of protein metabolism enzymes including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and gamma -glutamyltranspeptidase (GGTP), were determined. Total protein concentration and total antioxidative status (TAS) were also estimated. Slides made by the normal paraffin method, stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H-E), were prepared to assess pathomorphological changes in the organs. Sodium fluoride exposure of rats had detrimental effects on the biochemical parameters examined. A statistically significant increase in the activity of GGTP, AST, ALT, and a decrease in TAS was noted in kidneys in the group exposed to NaF. The administration of alpha -lipoic acid in combination with or without vitamins A and E, during simultaneous administration of NaF, caused positive changes in the activity of AST and ALT, and it also re-established the concentration of TAS in kidneys at the level in the control group. The regressive changes and circulation disorders accompanied the biochemical changes observed after exposure to fluoride. As seen here, co-administration of antioxidants had a positive influence on morphological changes in kidneys that resulted from exposure to fluoride.