Soil-to-root vegetable transfer factors for super(226)Ra, super(232)Th, super(40)K, and super(88)Y in Malaysia

• Published in: Journal of environmental radioactivity Vol. 135; pp. 120 - 127
• Main Authors: Asaduzzaman, Kh, Khandaker, Mayeen Uddin, Amin, Y M, Bradley, DA, Mahat, R H, Nor, R M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 01.09.2014
• Subjects: Manihot esculenta; Solanum tuberosum; Malaysia
• ISSN: 0265-931X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.04.009

Soil-to-plant transfer factors (TFs) are of fundamental importance in assessing the environmental impact due to the presence of radioactivity in soil and agricultural crops. Tapioca and sweet potato, both root crops, are popular foodstuffs for a significant fraction of the Malaysian population, and result in intake of radionuclides. For the natural field conditions experienced in production of these foodstuffs, TFs and the annual effective dose were evaluated for the natural radionuclides super(226)Ra, super(232)Th, super(40)K, and for the anthropogenic radionuclide super(88)Y, the latter being a component of fallout. An experimental tapioca field was developed for study of the time dependence of plant uptake. For soil samples from all study locations other than the experimental field, it has been shown that these contain the artificial radionuclide super(88)Y, although the uptake of super(88)Y has only been observed in the roots of the plant Manihot esculenta (from which tapioca is derived) grown in mining soil. The estimated TFs for super(226)Ra and super(232)Th for tapioca and sweet potato are very much higher than that reported by the IAEA. For all study areas, the annual effective dose from ingestion of tapioca and sweet potato are estimated to be lower than the world average (290 mu Sv y super(-1)).