The abundance of ammonium and nitrite producing bacteria in sediments of semi-intensive shrimp ponds

• Published in: Limnotek : Perairan Darat Tropis di Indonesia Vol. 17; no. 1; pp. 102 - 111
• Main Authors: Badjoeri, M, Hastuti, Y P, Widiyanto, T, Rusmana, I
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Indonesian
• Published: 01.01.2010
• Subjects: Freshwater; Indonesia
• ISSN: 0854-8390

Pond sediment is one of the important factors that influence water quality. In the sediment, the accumulation and transformation of organic materials by various groups of bacteria take place. The abundance and bacterial activity in the sediment of shrimp ponds will affect the concentration of toxic compounds in the water bodies and eventually would affect the survival and growth of armed shrimp. This study aims 10 determine the abundance of nitrite and ammonium-producing bacteria in the sediments of semi-intensive shrimp farming systems, and its relationship with the concentration qf ammonium and nitrite produced. The research was conducted from April to September 2009 at The Inti Pandu Karawang Ponds, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Karawang, West Java. Sediment sampling was performed from three ponds with different depth: 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, and 10 -15 cm at the time of preparation, 0 day, 30 days, 60 days, 90 days and 120 days. Samples were taken randomly using a "core sampler". Analysis of the bacterial abundance was done using MPN method (Most Probable Number). The most abundance of nitrite-producing bacteria was found in the sediment of 120 days at the depth of 0-5 cm (9 x 10 super(22) cells/g) and at least was in the sediment of 30 days at the depth of 10-15 cm (1.5 x 10 super(6) cells/g). The most abundance of ammonium-producing bacteria was found in the sediment of 120 days at the depth of 10-15 cm (1.2 x 10 super(20) cells/g) and the least was in the sediment of 0 day-old at depths of 0-5 cm (4.3 x 10 super(5) cells/g). There is a positive correlation between the bacterial populations and the total ammonia and nitrite compounds. This shows that the bacterial abundance affects the transformation process of organic materials and the amount of nitrite and ammonium produced in the sediment.Original Abstract: Sedimen salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas air tambak udang. Pada sedimen terjadi akumulasi dan perombakan bahan organik oleh bakteri. Kelimpahan dan aktivitas bakteri di sedimen berpengaruh terhadap kansentrasi senyawa toksik di tambak yang dapat mempengaruhi kelangsungan hidup dan pertumbuhan udang. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelimpahan bakteri penghasil senyawa nitrit dan amonium pada sedimen tambak udang sistem semi intensif, dan hubungannya dengan kansentrasi amonium, nitrit yang dihasilkan. Penelitian dilakukan di Tambak Pandu Karawang, DKP Karawang Jawa Barat, pada Bulan April sampai September 2009. Sampel sedimen diambil pada 3 tambak semi intensif pada kedalaman berbeda, yaitu: 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, dan 10 -15 cm, yaitu pada tahap persiapan, 0 hari, 30 hari, 60 hari, 90 hari, 120 hari. Sampe1 diambil secara acak menggunakan core sampler. Analisis kelimpahan bakteri dengan metode MPN (Most Probable Number). Kelimpahan bakteri penghasil senyawa nitrit terbanyak pada sedimen berumur 120 hari di kedalaman 0 - 5 cm, yaitu sebanyak 9 x 10 super(22) sel/g dan paling sedikit pada sedimen berumur 30 hari di kedalaman 1O - 15 cm, yaitu sebanyak 1,5 x 1O super(6) sel/g. Kelimpahan bakteri penghasil amonium terbanyak pada sedimen berumur 120 hari di kedalaman 10 - 15 cm, yaitu sebesar 1,2 x 10 super(20) sel/g dan paling sedikit pada sedimen berumur 0 hari di kedalaman 0 - 5 cm, yaitu sebanyak 4,3 x 10 super(5) sel/g. Terlihat adanya korelasi positif antara kelimpahan bakteri dengan kansentrasi amonia dan nitrit yang dihasilkan. Hal ini menunjukkan kelimpahan bakteri berpengaruh terhadap proses perombakan bahan organik dan senyawa nitrit dan amonium yang dihasilkan pada sedimen lambak.