Thyroid hormone controls carnitine status through modifications of [gamma]-butyrobetaine hydroxylase activity and gene expression

The carnitine system plays a key role in β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids by permitting their transport into the mitochondrial matrix. The effects of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism were studied on γ-butyrobetaine hydroxylase (BBH), the enzyme responsible for carnitine biosynthesis in the ra...

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Published inCellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS Vol. 59; no. 3; p. 540
Main Authors Galland, S, Georges, B, Le Borgne, F, Conductier, G, Viana Dias, J, Demarquoy, J
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel Springer Nature B.V 01.03.2002
Subjects
Bioavailability
Biosynthesis
Enzymes
Fatty acids
Gene expression
Hormones
Metabolism
Oxidation
Thyroid
Thyroid gland
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Summary:The carnitine system plays a key role in β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids by permitting their transport into the mitochondrial matrix. The effects of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism were studied on γ-butyrobetaine hydroxylase (BBH), the enzyme responsible for carnitine biosynthesis in the rat. In rat liver, BBH activity was decreased in the hypothyroid state and increased in hyperthyroid animals. The modifications in BBH activity correlated with changes in the enzyme Vmax values. These changes were shown to be related to hepatic BBH mRNA abundance. Thyroid hormones are known to interact with lipid metabolism, in particular by increasing long-chain fatty acid oxidation through activation of carnitine-dependent fatty acid import into mitochondria. Our study showed that thyroid hormones also increased carnitine bioavailability.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
ISSN:1420-682X
1420-9071
DOI:10.1007/s00018-002-8445-3