An overdensity of red galaxies around the hyperluminous dust-obscured quasar W1835\(+\)4355 at \(z=2.3\)

• Published in: arXiv.org
• Main Authors: Luo, Yibin, Fan, Lulu, Zou, Hu, Shen, Lu, Lin, Zesen, Hu, Weda, Lin, Zheyu, Tao, Bojun, Chen, Guangwen
• Format: Paper
• Language: English
• Published: Ithaca Cornell University Library, arXiv.org 28.07.2022
• Subjects: Cosmic dust; Density; Galaxies; Infrared astronomy; Infrared cameras; Quasars; Red shift; Sky surveys (astronomy)
• ISSN: 2331-8422
• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2207.14312

\emph{Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer} all-sky survey has discovered a new population of hot dust-obscured galaxies (Hot DOGs), which has been confirmed to be dusty quasars. Previous statistical studies have found significant overdensities of sub-millimeter and mid-IR selected galaxies around Hot DOGs, indicating they may reside in dense regions. Here we present the near-infrared (\(J\) and \(K_s\) bands) observations over a \(7.5'\times 7.5'\) field centered on a Hot DOG W1835\(+\)4355 at \(z \sim 2.3\) using the wide-field infrared camera on the Palomar 200-inch telescope. We use the color criterion \(J-K_s>2.3\) for objects with \(K_s<20\), to select Distant Red Galaxies (DRGs). We find a significant excess of number density of DRGs in W1835\(+\)4355 field compared to three control fields, by a factor of about 2. The overdensity of red galaxies around W1835\(+\)4355 are consistent with the multi-wavelength environment of Hot DOGs, suggesting that Hot DOGs may be a good tracer for dense regions at high redshift. We find that W1835\(+\)4355 do not reside in the densest region of the dense environment traced by itself. A possible scenario is that W1835\(+\)4355 is undergoing merging process, which lowers the local number density of galaxies in its surrounding region.