Research on Alternative Methods of Sugar Beet Protection against Sugar Beet Cyst Nematode Heterodera schachtii(Schmidt, 1871)

• Published in: Listy cukrovarnické a řepařské Vol. 133; no. 9-10; p. 276
• Main Authors: MAŇASOVÁ Marie, WENZLOVÁ Jana, DOUDA Ondřej, ZOUHAR Miloslav, NOVOTNÝ, David, RYŠÁNEK Pavel, MAZÁKOVÁ Jana, CHOCHOLA Jaromír, PAVLŮ Klára, ŠAROVSKÁ Lenka, FRIDRICH Pavel, NOVIK Andrei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Czech
• Published: Prague VUC Praha, a.s 01.09.2017
• Subjects: Agricultural production; Biological control; Control methods; Cysts; Dependence; Essential oils; Fungi; Heterodera schachtii; Nematophagous fungi; Pesticides; Plant growth; Regression analysis; Statistical analysis; Straw
• ISSN: 1210-3306; 1805-9708

Considering the burden of nematicides on the environment and the costs spent on application, it is necessary to focus on biological methods of control of Heterodera schachtii in sugar beet crop. The use of nematophagous fungi and application of botanical pesticides are two promising biological strategies for control of this nematode species. In small plot trials on two sites in Central Bohemia and Silesia, the effects of four nematophagous fungi: Arthrobotrys oligospora, Pleurotus ostreatus, Stropharia rugosoannulata and Clonostachys rosea, four essential oils from plants: Thymus vulgaris, Rosmarinus officinalis, Pelargonium graveolens and Litsea cubeba and two products promoting plant growth: Albite and pro Lignohumate were tested against H. schachtii. The nematophagous fungi were cultivated on solid (straw) and liquid medium. The essential oils were formulated with the detergent Tween 20 and adsorbed on Granin and Sorbin. Our results showed no statistically significant differences in any of the observed characteristics, however, some interesting trends were clearly evident. On at least one site, the variants with nematophagous fungus C. rosea, essential oil from P. graveolens and both products supporting plant growth showed the same effect (similar number of cysts) as in the case of the variant sown with a tolerant sugar beet variety. Therefore, these treatment options seem to be an alternative to previously almost exclusively conventional method used for protection against the beet cyst nematode. Increased sugar content was found in variants treated by nematophageous fungi – A. oligospora and P. osteratus and in all variants treated with essential oils and Albite. Qualitative parameters (content of Na, K, and α-amino N) were mostly better in alternatively treated variants than in the variant sown with a tolerant variety. Regression analysis confirmed the dependence of bulb yield on the number of nematode cysts.