Long-Term Variability of the Hard X-ray Source GRS 1758-258: GRANAT/SIGMA Observations

• Published in: arXiv.org
• Main Authors: Kuznetsov, S I, Gilfanov, M R, Churazov, E M, Sunyaev, R A, Dyachkov, A V, Khavenson, N G, Novikov, B S, Kremnev, R S, Goldoni, P, Goldwurm, A, Laurent, P, Paul, J, J -P Roques, Jourdain, E, Bouchet, L, Vedrenne, G
• Format: Paper
• Language: English
• Published: Ithaca Cornell University Library, arXiv.org 16.03.1999
• Subjects: Accretion disks; Binary stars; Black holes; Companion stars; Field of view; Flux; Ionization; Orbits; Radio jets (astronomy); Radio sources (astronomy); Stability; Star & galaxy formation; X ray sources
• ISSN: 2331-8422

The results of GRANAT/SIGMA hard X-ray observations of GRS 1758-258 in 1990-1998 are presented. The source lies at ~5\arcdeg from the Galactic Center and was within the SIGMA field of view during the GRANAT surveys of this region. The total exposure time of the Galactic Center was 11x10^6 s. The regular SIGMA observations revealed strong variability of the source: the 40-150 keV flux varied at least by a factor of 8 on a time scale of a year, between less than 13 mCrab and ~100-110 mCrab. The average flux was ~60 mCrab in 1990-1998. The source's spectrum is well fitted by a power law with a photon index \alpha ~1.86 in the energy range 40 to 150 keV and becomes steeper at energies above ~100 keV. The radio and hard X-ray properties of GRS 1758-258 are similar to those of another Galactic Center source, 1E1740.7-2942. GRS 1758-258 and 1E1740.7-2942 are the two brightest hard X-ray sources in the Galactic Center region. Both sources have radio jets, similar X-ray luminosities (~10^37 erg/s), and spectra, and exhibit variations in the hard X-ray flux on long times scales by a factor of ~10 or more . In contrast to most of the known black hole candidates, which are X-ray transients, GRS 1758-258 and 1E1740.7-2942 were detected by SIGMA during most of the observations in 1990-1998. Assuming that this behavior of the sources implies the suppression of accretion-disk instability in the region of partial hydrogen ionization through X-ray heating, we impose constraints on the mass of the optical companion and on the orbital period of the binary system.