Classification of the FRW universe with a cosmological constant and a perfect fluid of the equation of state \(p = w\rho\)

We systematically study the evolution of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe coupled with a cosmological constant \(\Lambda\) and a perfect fluid that has the equation of state \(p=w\rho\), where \(p\) and \(\rho\) denote, respectively, the pressure and energy density of the fluid, and \(w...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inarXiv.org
Main Authors Ha, Te, Huang, Yongqing, Ma, Qianyu, Pechan, Kristen D, Renner, Timothy J, Wu, Zhenbin, Benesh, G A, Wang, Anzhong
Format Paper
LanguageEnglish
Published Ithaca Cornell University Library, arXiv.org 18.05.2012
Subjects
Acceleration
Big bang cosmology
Classification
Cosmological constant
Curvature
Deceleration
Equations of state
Evolution
Flux density
Singularities
Textbooks
Universe
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Summary:We systematically study the evolution of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe coupled with a cosmological constant \(\Lambda\) and a perfect fluid that has the equation of state \(p=w\rho\), where \(p\) and \(\rho\) denote, respectively, the pressure and energy density of the fluid, and \(w\) is an arbitrary real constant. Depending on the specific values of \(w,\; \Lambda\), and the curvature \(k\) of 3-dimensional space, we separate all of the solutions into various cases. In each case the main properties of the evolution are given in detail, including the periods of deceleration and/or acceleration, and the existence of big bang, big crunch, and big rip singularities. In some cases, errors in classification and interpretation appearing in standard textbooks have been corrected.
ISSN:2331-8422
DOI:10.48550/arxiv.0905.0396