The Regional Features Of The Winter Pastures On The Lower Reaches Of Syrdarya (the End of 19th to the First Half of 20th Century)/Sirderya Nehri'nin Asagi Kismindaki Kislaklarinin Yöresel Özellikleri (XIX - XX yy. ilk yarisi)

• Published in: Bilig (Ankara) Vol. 75; p. 157
• Main Authors: Toleubayeva, Zhazira, Kartayeva, Tattigul
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Ankara Ahmet Yesesvi Universitesi, Management Center 01.10.2015
• Subjects: 19th century; 20th century; Houses; Material culture; Nomads; Pastures; Space; Turkic languages; Weather; Kazakhstan
• ISSN: 1301-0549

The article considers the peculiarities of the location of wintering and winter pastures on the lower reaches of Syrderya and their difference from other regions. Winter pastures were chosen on river valleys or near lakes, mountain hollows or between sand dunes protected from the wind with sufficient pasture places. The size of winter pastures depended on the number of livestock and farm size. The places where the winter houses stood were passed through inheritance. The Kazakhs used to live in nomad tents in winter. The first winter buildings of the Kazakhs were built at the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century. Many Kazakh villages engaged in nomadic pastoralism did not have permanent winter places and continued their nomadic lifestyle even in winter. Wintering materials were connected with the local natural landscape features: brick, reed, clay, wood. The construction of winter houses grew rapidly in the second half of the 19th century. This was because of the dwindling of summer and winter pastures, the loss of cattle due to scarcity of nutrition and Kazakh's transition from nomadic to sedentary life. Together with the adoption of sedentary life at the beginning of the 20th century, winter houses became Kazakhs' permanent place of residence.