Effects of ozone, sulfur dioxide, soil water deficit, and cultivar on yields of soybean

The effects of ozone (O{sub 3}) stress on bean yields and seed size of four soybean cultivars (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) grown in open-top chambers in 1981, 1982, and 1983 are presented. The O{sub 3} treatments included charcoal filtered (CF) and nonfiltered (NF) air, and 0.03, 0.06, and 0.09 {mu}L L{...

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Published inJournal of environmental quality Vol. 19:3
Main Authors Heggestad, H.E., Lesser, V.M.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States
Subjects
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
CHALCOGENIDES
DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS
DROUGHTS
GLYCINE HISPIDA
GROWTH
LEGUMINOSAE
MAGNOLIOPHYTA
MAGNOLIOPSIDA
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
OZONE
PLANT GROWTH
PLANTS
PRODUCTIVITY
RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
SULFUR DIOXIDE
SULFUR OXIDES 560300 > Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
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Summary:The effects of ozone (O{sub 3}) stress on bean yields and seed size of four soybean cultivars (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) grown in open-top chambers in 1981, 1982, and 1983 are presented. The O{sub 3} treatments included charcoal filtered (CF) and nonfiltered (NF) air, and 0.03, 0.06, and 0.09 {mu}L L{sup {minus}1} O{sub 3} added 7 h d{sup {minus}1} to NF air. The effects of SO{sub 2} in concentrations from 0.005 to 0.224 {mu}L L{sup {minus}1} (4 h d{sup {minus}1}, 5 d wk{sup {minus}1}) from the seedling stage to maturity were studied in 1981 and 1982. In 1982 and 1983 the effects of soil moisture stress (SMS) and well-watered (WW) soil conditions on the response of soybean to O{sub 3} stress were determined. The primary objective was the evaluation of 3 yr of soybean data from their site using the nonlinear Weibull and the polynomial dose-response models to relate yield responses to O{sub 3} exposure doses. The variables also included SO{sub 2}, soil moisture, and cultivar. The homogeneity of the response equations were compared to permit development of the smallest set of homogeneous equations over years. Both O{sub 3} and SO{sub 2} negatively impacted bean yields and seed size. No interactions between O{sub 3} and SO{sub 2} were indicated. With the Weibull model, interactions between O{sub 3} and soil moisture were observed with Forrest in 1982 and Williams in 1983. With an O{sub 3} level considered typical in soybean production areas (seasonal 7 h d{sup {minus}1}, 0.055 {mu}L L{sup {minus}1}) compared to background O{sub 3} (0.025 {mu}L L{sup {minus}1}) and using all data from 3 yr of experiments, the Weibull model predicted the same (15%) mean yield loss under both SMS and WW regimes.
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ISSN:0047-2425
1537-2537