LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanorod arrays: A potential three-dimensional cathode for lithium-ion microbatteries

• Published in: Materials research bulletin Vol. 69
• Main Authors: Tang, Xiao, Lin, Binghui, Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Ge, Yong, Ge, Yao, Lu, Changjie, Savilov, Serguei V., Aldoshin, Serguei M., Xia, Hui
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 15.09.2015
• Subjects: ANNEALING; CAPACITY; CATHODES; ELECTRIC BATTERIES; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; ENERGY STORAGE; LITHIUM COMPOUNDS; LITHIUM IONS; MANGANATES; MANGANESE OXIDES; MOLTEN SALTS; NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOTUBES; STABILITY; SUBSTRATES; SYNTHESIS
• ISSN: 0025-5408; 1873-4227
• DOI: 10.1016/J.MATERRESBULL.2014.11.020

Highlights: • Self-supported LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanorod arrays are prepared on the Pt substrates. • LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanorod array cathode exhibits a large areal capacity of 0.25 mAh cm{sup −2}. • LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanorod array cathode exhibits good cycle performance and rate capability. • LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanorod arrays are potential cathodes for 3D microbatteries. - Abstract: Although three-dimensional (3D) microbatteries represent great advantage compared to their two-dimensional counterparts, the fabrication of 3D cathode is still a challenge, which holds back the further development of 3D microbatteries. In this work, we present a novel approach for fabrication of LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanorod arrays as 3D cathode for microbatteries. α-MnO{sub 2} nanotube arrays are firstly grown on the Pt substrate as the template, and LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanorod arrays are then prepared by lithiation of α-MnO{sub 2} nanotube arrays in molten salt followed by 800 °C annealing in air. In the half cell test, the 3D LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} nanorod arrays exhibit both high gravimetric capacity (∼130 mAh g{sup −1}) and areal capacity (∼0.25 mAh cm{sup −2}), while maintaining good cycling stability and rate capability. The facile synthesis and superior electrochemical performance of the three-dimensional LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} cathode make it promising for application in microbatteries.