In Situ GIWAXS Analysis of Solvent and Additive Effects on PTB7 Thin Film Microstructure Evolution during Spin Coating
The influence of solvent and processing additives on the pathways and rates of crystalline morphology formation for spin-coated semiconducting PTB7 (poly[[4,8-bis[(2- ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl][3-fluoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl)- carbonyl]-thieno[3,4-b]thiophenediyl]]) thin...
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Published in | Advanced materials (Weinheim) Vol. 2017 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Wiley
09.10.2017
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | The influence of solvent and processing additives on the pathways and rates of crystalline morphology formation for spin-coated semiconducting PTB7 (poly[[4,8-bis[(2- ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl][3-fluoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl)- carbonyl]-thieno[3,4-b]thiophenediyl]]) thin films is investigated by in situ grazing incident wide angle x-ray scattering (GIWAXS) and optical reflectance, to better understand polymer solar cell (PSC) optimization approaches. In situ characterization of PTB7 film formation from chloroform (CF), chlorobenzene (CB), and 1,2-dichlorobenzene (DCB) solutions, as well as CB solutions with 1% and 3% v/v of the processing additives 1-chloronapthalene (CN), diphenyl ether (DPE), and 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO), reveals multiple crystallization pathways with: i) single-solvent systems exhibiting rapid (<3s) crystallization after a solvent boiling point-dependent film thinning transition, ii) solvent + additive systems exhibiting different crystallization pathways and crystallite formation times from minutes (CN, DPE) to 2 1.5 hours (DIO). Here, identifying crystalline intermediates has implications for bulk-heterojunction PSC morphology optimization via optimized spin-casting processes. |
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Bibliography: | AC02-06CH11357; DE‐FG02‐08ER46536; DE‐AC02‐06CH11357 USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) |
ISSN: | 0935-9648 1521-4095 |