The medium-term consequences of COVID-19 lockdown on lifestyle among Spanish older people with hypertension, pulmonary, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal-diseases, depression, and cancer

• Published in: Epidemiology and health pp. 1 - 11
• Main Authors: Rodríguez-Gómez Irene, Sánchez-Martín Coral, García-García Francisco J.(CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging, García-Esquinas Esther, Miret Marta, Vicente-Rodriguez Germán, Gusi Narcís(CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging, Mañas Asier, Carnicero José A., Gonzalez-Gross Marcela(CIBER of Obesity and Nutrition, Ayuso-Mateos José L., Rodríguez-Artalejo Fernando, Rodríguez-Mañas Leocadio(CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging, Ara Royo Ignacio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 한국역학회 01.01.2022
• Subjects: 예방의학
• ISSN: 2092-7193
• DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2022026

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the associations of chronic diseases with changes in lifestyle and health behaviours in older people following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown in Spain and compared the differences in changes over time. METHODS: 1,092 participants (80.3± 5.6 years; 66.5% female) from 2 Spanish cohorts were included. Telephone-based questionnaires were conducted to evaluate lifestyle and health risk behaviours at the end of lockdown and 7 months post-lockdown. Participants were classified as having physician-diagnosed chronic diseases based on self-reported data. Cox proportional models adjusted for major confounders were used. RESULTS: Compared to those without the corresponding chronic diseases, older people with hypertension were less likely to report increased alcohol consumption (hazard ratio [HR], 0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.55 to 0.99). Pulmonary diseases were associated with lower risks of increased sedentary time (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.86) and worsened sleep quality (HR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.87), while cardiovascular diseases were associated with a lower risk of decreased sedentary time (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.88). Depression was linked to a higher likelihood of improved diet quality (HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.00 to 2.36). Cancer pacients were less likely to have worsened sleep quality (HR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.89) but more likely to have reduced their frequency of social contact (HR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.05 to 3.99). CONCLUSIONS: Older people with chronic diseases showed beneficial changes in lifestyle and health risk behaviours after the COVID-19 lockdown. In particular, older people with hypertension, pulmonary disease, and cancer tended to make beneficial lifestyle and health behaviour changes. However, older people with cardiovascular disease and depression engaged in more health risk behaviours. KCI Citation Count: 0