现代汉语“爱+VP”结构分析

• Published in: 중국연구, 85(0) pp. 201 - 221
• Main Author: 황후남
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Chinese
• Published: 중국연구소 01.12.2020
• Subjects: 중국어와문학
• ISSN: 1225-8695; 2713-5950

本文分析了“爱+VP”结构，根据“爱”的语义，把“爱”分为“喜欢”类、“容易”类和“常常”类。 1）“喜欢”类 “爱+VP”结构的VP中，动词不能后缀动貌词，前面不能加入能愿助动词；形容词前面不能加进表示句子完整的程度副词，因此认为VP不是限定句。“爱”前面可以加入程度副词“很”，可以构成正反疑问句，而且在问答句里可以独立成句，由此断定“爱”是谓语动词；VP是“爱”的谓词性宾语。 2）“容易”类 “爱+VP”结构都可以受程度副词“很”的修饰，与助动词“容易”一样在问答句里不能单独成立，“爱”表示后续VP动作或者现象发生的几率。因此本文认为“容易”类的“爱”为助动词，具有表示“可能性几率”的语义。 3）“常常”类 表示频度的常用副词有“常常、总”，“常常”类的“爱”可以与这些表示频度的副词互换，语义以及句法没有任何改变。由此本文认为“常常”类的“爱”有副词的特征。 This paper analyzes the structure of “爱+VP”, and divides “爱” into “like”, “easy” and “often” categories according to the semantics of “爱”. 1) “Like” category In the VP of the “爱+VP” structure, the verb cannot be suffixed with verbs, and a willing auxiliary verb cannot be added before it; adverbs cannot be added before adjectives to indicate the degree of completeness of the sentence, so VP is not considered a qualifier. The degree adverb “very” can be added in front of “爱” to form positive and negative interrogative sentences, and can be independently formed into sentences in the question and answer sentence, which concludes that