Korean Red Ginseng and Portulaca oleracea Extracts Attenuate Lipopolysaccharide-induced Inflammation via Downregulation of Nuclear Factor Kappa-B and the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway in Macrophage Cell Line RAW 264.7

Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) is a well-known traditional medicine, with numerous biological functions in the body. Portulaca oleracea (P. ole) belongs to the Portulacaceae family and has bioactive potential as a traditional medicine. This study aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory ef...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of experimental & biomedical sciences Vol. 27; no. 2; pp. 51 - 58
Main Authors Ullah, HM Arif, Kim, Tae-Hwan, Saba, Evelyn, Kim, Sung Dae, Rhee, Man Hee
Format Journal Article
LanguageKorean
Published 2021
Subjects
Korean red ginseng
Portulaca oleracea
RAW 264
Anti-inflammatory effects
7 cells
Functional food
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Summary:Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) is a well-known traditional medicine, with numerous biological functions in the body. Portulaca oleracea (P. ole) belongs to the Portulacaceae family and has bioactive potential as a traditional medicine. This study aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of Korean red ginseng extract (RGE) and P. ole extract on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells. The combination of RGE (50 ㎍/mL) and P. ole (6.25 ㎍/mL) extracts significantly suppressed LPS-induced nitric oxide synthesis. The expression of proinflammatory mediators, including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α, were markedly decreased by the combined treatment with RGE (50 ㎍/mL) and P. ole (6.25 ㎍/mL). Moreover, iNOS and COX-2 protein expression levels were also significantly reduced in the combined treatment compared to the LPS-stimulated group. In addition, the nuclear translocation of phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa-B was suppressed by the treatment with RGE and P. ole. Moreover, the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway was also partially inhibited by the combination treatment with RGE and P. ole. Our results demonstrate that the treatment mixture with RGE and P. ole could be used as functional food and therapeutic herbal medicine in various inflammatory diseases.
Bibliography:KISTI1.1003/JNL.JAKO202120461864883
ISSN:1738-3226
2288-7415