Evaluation of simple laboratory parameters in SARS-CoV-2 infection: the role of ratios

• Published in: Infectious Diseases Vol. 54; no. 12; pp. 924 - 933
• Main Authors: Oblitas, Crhistian-Mario, Galeano-Valle, Francisco, Cuenca-Carvajal, Carmen, Piqueras-Ruiz, Sandra, Alonso-Beato, Rubén, Alejandre-de-Oña, Álvaro, Carrascosa-Fernández, Paula, Chacón Moreno, Agustín-Diego, Parra-Virto, Alejandro, Pérez Sanz, María-Teresa, Abarca Casas, Laura, Millán-Nohales, Clara, Álvarez-Sala-Walther, Luis, Demelo-Rodríguez, Pablo
• Format: Report
• Language: English
• Published: Taylor & Francis 02.12.2022
• Subjects: Biomarkers; COVID19; mortality; ratios; SARS-CoV-2
• ISSN: 2374-4235; 2374-4243
• DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2022.2131902

The real predictive prognostic capacity of cellular indices (or ratios) is unclear in SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study aimed to assess the prognostic role of previously well-known laboratory indices and new ones in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. A retrospective observational study from March to May 2020 evaluated laboratory indices on admission (neutrophil to lymphocyte-, derived neutrophil to lymphocyte-, platelet to lymphocyte-, CRP to lymphocyte-, CRP to albumin-, fibrinogen to lymphocyte-, d-dimer to lymphocyte-, ferritin to lymphocyte-, LDH to lymphocyte-, and IL-6 to lymphocyte ratios), in patients hospitalized due to SARS-CoV2 infection to determine the association with mortality, admission to an intensive care unit (ICU), need for non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV), orotracheal intubation (OTI), or combined event at 30 days follow-up. A total of 1113 COVID-19 patients were evaluated with a mean age of 64.1 ± 15.9 years (58.49% male), 166 (14.91%) patients died, 58 (5.21%) required ICU admission, 73 (6.56%) needed NIMV, 46 (4.23%) needed OTI, and 247 (22.19%) presented the combined event. All the ratios evaluated in this study showed statistical significance in the univariate analysis for mortality and combined event; however, only d-dimer to lymphocyte ratio >0.6 presented an independent association in the multivariate analysis for 30-day mortality (adjusted OR 2.32; p = .047) and 30-day combined event (adjusted OR 2.62; p = .014). Laboratory indices might be a potential biomarker for better prognosis stratification in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. d-Dimer to lymphocyte ratio presents an independent association for 30-day mortality and 30-day adverse outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.