A Two-Stage Beam-Forming Antenna Using Butler Matrix and Reconfigurable Frequency Selective Surface for Wide Angle Beam-Tilting
A two-stage beam-forming technique for a wide tilt angle is proposed in this letter. The proposed structure has the potential to overcome the limitations of Butler matrix-based beam-forming technique and reconfigurable FSS-based beam-forming technique, both of which normally lag behind in the presen...
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Published in | IEEE antennas and wireless propagation letters pp. 1 - 5 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
IEEE
14.06.2023
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | A two-stage beam-forming technique for a wide tilt angle is proposed in this letter. The proposed structure has the potential to overcome the limitations of Butler matrix-based beam-forming technique and reconfigurable FSS-based beam-forming technique, both of which normally lag behind in the present generation of wireless communication due to lesser number of radiating beams. The composite system comprises three parts: a 4 × 4 Butler matrix, an antenna array of 1 × 4 elements, and a reconfigurable FSS layer. Four semi-rigid coaxial cables are employed to connect the Butler matrix to the four-element antenna array. The reconfigurable FSS is mounted on top of antenna layer using air spacers. The FSS superstrate layer consists of 6 × 6 reconfigurable unit cells, which have been further divided into two equal sections to increase the number of radiating beams. Combining the four-port Butler matrix with reconfigurable FSS allows the system to generate twelve unique radiating beams in twelve distinct directions in three-dimensional space. The proposed system is designed, fabricated, and measured for operating frequency of 5.5 GHz. The proposed system attains a maximum tilt of 72° and peak gain of 11.8 dBi. |
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ISSN: | 1536-1225 1548-5757 |
DOI: | 10.1109/LAWP.2023.3286819 |