Dossier débat : New Public Management et professions dans l’État : au-delà des oppositions, quelles recompositions ?

More and more reforms in public administrations are being conducted that are based on the principles and instruments of “new public management”. They have set off protest and collective actions by several professional groups in various sectors (health, education, justice, social work, research…), wh...

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Published inSociologie du travail (Paris) Vol. 53; no. 3; pp. 293 - 348
Main Authors Bezes, Philippe, Demazière, Didier, Le Bianic, Thomas, Paradeise, Catherine, Normand, Romuald, Benamouzig, Daniel, Pierru, Frédéric, Evetts, Julia
Format Journal Article
LanguageFrench
Published Association pour le développement de la sociologie du travail 01.07.2011
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Summary:More and more reforms in public administrations are being conducted that are based on the principles and instruments of “new public management”. They have set off protest and collective actions by several professional groups in various sectors (health, education, justice, social work, research…), whence questions about the future of professional groups in public services, in particular about their autonomy, which these reforms threaten. The opposition between this new public management and certain professional groups, is not the final explanation to draw from an analysis of this situation. Should these changes be seen as the decline of professional groups and of their autonomy, as a mutation of professional models, an overhaul of professionalism, etc.? These questions, which current events in France and Europe have raised, are a matter for ongoing sociological thought. They are approached empirically, from the field, using varied scales of analysis and research. Forms of tension between this new public management and professional groups are explored. La multiplication de réformes, au sein des administrations, mobilisant des principes et des instruments inspirés de la doctrine du New Public Management (NPM), a provoqué protestations et mobilisations collectives de la part de nombreux groupes professionnels dans de nombreux secteurs (santé, éducation, justice, travail social, recherche…). Ces phénomènes font surgir des interrogations sur le devenir des groupes professionnels inscrits dans les services publics en particulier sur la remise en cause de leur autonomie par les réformes NPM. L’opposition entre NPM et professions, pour heuristique qu’elle soit, n’épuise pas l’analyse. Faut-il penser ces changements en termes de déclin des professions, de rétrécissement des autonomies professionnelles, de mutations des modèles professionnels, de recomposition du professionnalisme, etc. ? Ces questions se situent au carrefour d’une actualité vive — en France et en Europe — et de réflexions sociologiques continues. Elles sont développées et traitées ici à partir de terrains empiriques, d’échelles d’analyse et d’expériences de recherche variées. Les contributions à ce dossier explorent ainsi les déclinaisons des tensions entre NPM et professions.
ISSN:0038-0296
1777-5701
DOI:10.4000/sdt.8348