IRindera graeca/I In Vitro Cultures Targeting Lithospermic Acid B and Rosmarinic Acid Production

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 28; no. 12
• Main Authors: Sykłowska-Baranek, Katarzyna, Gaweł, Małgorzata, Kuźma, Łukasz, Wileńska, Beata, Kawka, Mateusz, Jeziorek, Małgorzata, Graikou, Konstantia, Chinou, Ioanna, Szyszko, Ewa, Stępień, Piotr, Zakrzewski, Patryk, Pietrosiuk, Agnieszka
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 01.06.2023
• Subjects: Analysis; Broadway theater; Plant metabolites; Massachusetts; Poland; Germany
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124880

The in vitro cultures of Rindera graeca, a rare endemic plant, were developed as a sustainable source of phenolic acids. Various shoot and root cultures were established and scaled up in a sprinkle bioreactor. A multiplication rate of 7.2 shoots per explant was achieved. HPLC–PDA–ESI–HRMS analysis revealed the presence of rosmarinic acid (RA) and lithospermic acid B (LAB) as the main secondary metabolites in both the shoot and root cultures. The maximum RA (30.0 ± 3.2 mg/g DW) and LAB (49.3 ± 15.5 mg/g DW) yields were determined in root-regenerated shoots. The strongest free radical scavenging activity (87.4 ± 1.1%), according to 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-hydrate assay, was noted for roots cultivated in a DCR medium. The highest reducing power (2.3 µM ± 0.4 TE/g DW), determined by the ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay, was noted for shoots cultivated on an SH medium containing 0.5 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine. A genetic analysis performed using random amplified polymorphic DNA and start codon targeted markers revealed genetic variation of 62.8% to 96.5% among the investigated shoots and roots. This variability reflects the capacity of cultivated shoots and roots to produce phenolic compounds.