Reference Values and Sensitivity for Different Body Fat Variables Measured by Bioimpedance Method in Female Athletes in Individual Sports: Discriminative and Comparative Study/Valores de Referencia y Sensibilidad para Diferentes Variables de Grasa Corporal Medidas por el Metodo de Bioimpedancia Electrica en Deportistas Femeninas en Deportes Individuales: Estudio Discriminativo y Comparativo
Athletes differ among themselves and one of the main differences is observed in relation to body shape and composition. Achieving top sports performance requires more standardization in the processes of training and development of a unique methodology for individualizing the control specific adaptat...
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Published in | International journal of morphology Vol. 41; no. 3; p. 717 |
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Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | Spanish |
Published |
Universidad de La Frontera, Facultad de Medicina
01.05.2023
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Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Athletes differ among themselves and one of the main differences is observed in relation to body shape and composition. Achieving top sports performance requires more standardization in the processes of training and development of a unique methodology for individualizing the control specific adaptation of athletes. The aim of this study is to establish reference data for the most sensitive variables to define the amount and structure of body fat in female athletes in individual sports. The sample included 895 females, divided in: a control group (Cont) of young females (N = 688); International (N = 113), and National level female athletes (N = 94) in 13 individual sports. Four variables described the structure of body fat: Percentage of body fat (PBF), Body Fat Mass Index (BFMI), Protein Fat Index (PFI) and Index of Body Composition (IBC). Results showed that considering the control group, female athletes have all examined Body Fat variables statistically significantly different (BFMI and PBF are lower, p = 0.011 and p = 0.000, while PFI and IBC are higher, p = 0.000, respectively). Female athletes are also statistically significantly different in relation to the level of competition (p = 0.000), and the investigated variables are responsible for 17.7% of the variability of the difference between the groups. Competitively more successful female athletes have higher IBC (lower percentage of fat per overall body volume, p = 0.013), as well as, a statistically significantly higher protein mass in relation to body fat mass (PFI, p = 0.018). The most sensitive variables for defining body fat differences between the examined individual sports were IBC, with an influence of 37.9%, then PFI (32.4%), then PBF (22.8%), and finally BFMI, with an influence of 11.4% on the differences. Based on the results of this study, IBC and PFI are variables that have shown useful scientific-methodological potential for research in the future. KEY WORDS: Bioimpedance; Female athletes; Body fat status; Index of Body Composition; Protein Fat Index. Los deportistas difieren entre si y una de las principales diferencias se observa en relacion a la forma y composicion corporal. Alcanzar el maximo rendimiento deportivo requiere una mayor estandarizacion en los procesos de entrenamiento y en el desarrollo de una metodologia unica para individualizar el control de adaptacion especifico de los atletas. El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer datos de referencia de las variables mas sensibles para definir la cantidad y estructura de la grasa corporal en mujeres deportistas en deportes individuales. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 895 mujeres, divididas en: un grupo control (Cont) de mujeres jovenes (N = 688); Atletas femeninas de nivel internacional (N = 113) y nacional (N = 94) en 13 deportes individuales. Cuatro variables describieron la estructura de la grasa corporal: Porcentaje de grasa corporal (PBF), Indice de Masa Grasa Corporal (BFMI), Indice de Proteina Grasa (PFI) e Indice de Composicion Corporal (IBC). Los resultados mostraron que, considerando el grupo control, todas las atletas tuvieron diferecias estadisticamente significativas respecto a las variables de grasa corporal (BFMI y PBF son mas bajos, p = 0,011 y p = 0,000, mientras que PFI e IBC son mas altos, p = 0,000, respectivamente). En relacion al nivel de competencia, las atletas femeninas presentan diferencias estadisticamente significativas (p = 0,000), y las variables investigadas son responsables por el 17,7% de la variabilidad de la diferencia entre los grupos. Las atletas femeninas competitivamente mas exitosas tienen un IBC mas alto (menor porcentaje de grasa por volumen corporal total, p = 0,013), asi como una masa proteica estadisticamente mas alta en relacion con la masa de grasa corporal (PFI, p = 0,018). Las variables mas sensibles para definir las diferencias de grasa corporal entre los deportes individuales examinados fueron IBC, con una influencia del 37,9%, luego PFI (32,4%), a seguir PBF (22,8%) y finalmente BFMI, con una influencia del 11,4% en las diferencias. En base a los resultados de este estudio, IBC y PFI son las variables que han mostrado un potencial cientifico-metodologico util para la investigacion en el futuro. PALABRAS CLAVE: Bioimpedancia; Atletas femeninas; Estado de la grasa corporal; Indice de Composicion Corporal; Indice de proteinas y grasas. |
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ISSN: | 0717-9367 0717-9502 |