STABILITY OF YIELDS OF 5 GENOTYPES OF GYNERIUM SAGGITATUM AUBL., UNDER TWO LEVELS OF FERTILIZATION IN TEN LOCALITIES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF CORDOBA, COLOMBIA/ ESTABILIDAD DE RENDIMIENTOS DE 5 GENOTIPOS DE GYNERIUM SAGGITATUM AUBL., BAJO DOS NIVELES DE FERTILIZACION EN DIEZ LOCALIDADES DEL DEPARTAMENTO DE CORDOBA, COLOMBIA

Cana Flecha (Gynerium saggittatum Aubl.) has become an economic and cultural perpetuation of ancient indigenous peoples of the north coast of Colombia. However, the ignorance of the behavior of this crop in diverse edaphoclimatic conditions, generates low production capacity. In the present work, th...

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Published inRevista de Investigación Agraria y Ambiental Vol. 10; no. 1; p. 15
Main Authors Burgos, Jaime Hernandez, Orozco, Alfredo Jarma, Alvarez, Alicia Humanez, Ballesteros, Eder Durango
Format Journal Article
LanguageSpanish
Published Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia 01.01.2019
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Summary:Cana Flecha (Gynerium saggittatum Aubl.) has become an economic and cultural perpetuation of ancient indigenous peoples of the north coast of Colombia. However, the ignorance of the behavior of this crop in diverse edaphoclimatic conditions, generates low production capacity. In the present work, the fiber and photosynthesis yields of 5 arrow cane genotypes under two levels of fertilization in ten localities of the department of Cordoba were analyzed: Bajo Grande, La Abisinia, San Martin, San Efrain, Tofeme, Buenos Aires, INTECAVI, Bella Cecilia, Chimalito and la Oportunidad, it was used a randomized complete block design with 5x2 factorial arrangement: five (5) genotypes (Criolla, Criolla 1, Criolla 2, Martinera y Costanera), subjected to two (2) fertilization levels without organic fertilization with three (3) replicates. The length of the central rib (LNC) and the rates of gaseous exchange net photosynthesis, internal concentration of C[O.sub.2], stomatal conductance and transpiration were measured. Fiber yields were analyzed according to the method of Lin y Binns (1988) y Carneiro (1998). Duncan analysis of variance and comparing means at the a = 0.05 level were made according to the proposed design, using SAS 9.1 statistical package. There were higher rates of photosynthesis and fiber yields in the Criolla and Criolla 1 genotypes compared to the rest, as well as a better development of the plants in the localities of Buenos Aires, Bella Cecilia and Chimalito. More stable fiber yields were obtained when organic fertilization was applied. The results suggest to encourage the establishment of Criolla and Criolla 1 genotypes in the localities of Buenos Aires, Bella Cecilia and Chimalito, under the application of organic fertilizers that improve his productivity and avoid the depletion of the soils. Keywords: cana flecha, phenotypic stability, photosynthesis, yield. La cana flecha (Gynerium saggittatum Aubl.) se ha convertido en sustento economico y de perpetuacion cultural de antiguos pueblos indigenas de la costa norte colombiana. Sin embargo, el desconocimiento del comportamiento de este cultivo en diversas condiciones edafoclimaticas, generan baja capacidad de produccion. En el presente trabajo se analizaron los rendimientos de fibra y fotosintesis de 5 genotipos de cana flecha bajo dos niveles de fertilizacion en diez localidades del departamento de Cordoba: Bajo Grande, La Abisinia, San Martin, San Efrain, Tofeme, Buenos Aires, INTECAVI, Bella Cecilia, Chimalito y La Oportunidad, se utilizo un diseno de bloques completos al azar con arreglo factorial 5x2: cinco (5) genotipos (Criolla, Criolla 1, Criolla 2, Martinera y Costanera), sometidos a dos (2) niveles de fertilizacion: con y sin fertilizacion organica, con tres (3) repeticiones. Se midio la longitud de la nervadura central (LNC) y las tasas de intercambio gaseoso fotosintesis neta, concentracion interna de C[O.sub.2], conductancia estomatica y transpiracion. Se analizaron los rendimientos de fibra de acuerdo con el metodo de Lin y Binns (1988) y Carneiro (1998). Se realizo analisis de varianza y pruebas de comparacion de medias de Duncan al nivel a=0.05 de acuerdo con el diseno plantea do, utilizando el paquete estadistico SAS 9.1. Se evidenciaron mayores tasas de fotosintesis y rendimientos de fibra en los genotipos Criolla y Criolla 1 con respecto al resto, asi como un mejor desarrollo de las plantas en las localidades de Buenos Aires, Bella Cecilia y Chimalito. Se obtuvieron rendimientos de fibra mas estables cuando se aplico fertilizacion organica. Los resultados sugieren fomentar el establecimiento de los genotipos Criolla y Criolla 1 en las localidades de Buenos Aires, Bella Cecilia y Chimalito, bajo aplicacion de fertilizantes organicos que mejoren su productividad y eviten el agotamiento de los suelos. Palabras clave: cana flecha, estabilidad fenotipica, fotosintesis, rendimientos.
ISSN:2145-6097
DOI:10.22490/21456453.2212