Reactive oxygen species and the respiratory tract diseases of large animals/Especies reativas do oxigenio e as doencas respiratorias em grandes animais

• Published in: Ciência rural Vol. 40; no. 4; p. 994
• Main Authors: da Silva, Andreza Amaral, Goncalves, Roberto Calderon
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Spanish
• Published: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria 01.04.2010
• Subjects: Antioxidants (Nutrients); Pneumonia; Proteins
• ISSN: 0103-8478

The reactive oxygen species (ROS) are unstable and highly reactive molecules capable of transforming other molecules with which they collide. The ROS are generated in large numbers during the oxidative stress, a condition in which molecules are affected such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acid. This research discussed the main concepts of the free radicals and ROS: main types, their training and how they act on the cellular structures causing significant tissue injury. The main antioxidant defense systems and the influence of the increase in the production of ROS in the respiratory tract of large animals are also discussed, with emphasis on the involvement of ROS in diseases such as pneumonia in ruminants and recurrent obstruction of the airways and pulmonary hemorrhage induced by exercise in horses. Key words: free radicals, reactive oxygen species (ROS), respiratory tract, farm animals. As especies reativas do oxigenio (ERO) sao moleculas instaveis e extremamente reativas capazes de transformar outras moleculas com as quais colidem. As ERO sao geradas em grande quantidade durante o estresse oxidativo, condicao em que sao afetadas moleculas como proteinas, carboidratos, lipideos e acido nucleicos. Neste trabalho, sao discutidos os principais conceitos sobre os radicais livres e as ERO: principais tipos, sua formacao e a forma como atuam sobre as estruturas celulares, provocando lesao tecidual significativa. Os principais sistemas de defesa antioxidantes e a influencia do aumento na producao dessas ERO no trato respiratorio de grandes animais tambem sao discutidos, dando enfase ao envolvimento das ERO em doencas como a pneumonia em ruminantes e na obstrucao recorrente das vias aereas e a hemorragia pulmonar induzida por exercicio em equinos. Palavras-chave: radicais livres, especies reativas do oxigenio (ERO), trato respiratorio, grandes animais.