Joint cartilage removal associated or not to homologous implant or autologous cancellous bone graft in dogs submitted to atlantoaxial arthrodesis/ Remocao da cartilagem articular associada ou nao a implante homogeno ou enxerto autogeno de osso esponjoso em caes submetidos a artrodese atlantoaxial

• Published in: Ciência rural Vol. 43; no. 3; p. 466
• Main Authors: Festugatto, Rafael, Mazzanti, Alexandre, Raiser, Alceu Gaspar, da Silva, Fernanda Souza Barbosa, Treichel, Tiago Luis Eilers, da Cunha, Joao Paulo Mori, Muler, Fernanda Catia, Vasconcellos, Jaine Soares de Paula, Veiga, Denise de Castro, dos Anjos, Bruno Leite
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Spanish
• Published: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria 01.03.2013
• Subjects: Analysis; Dogs; Euthanasia; Formaldehyde; Formic acid; Glycerin; Glycerol; Organic acids; Political corruption
• ISSN: 0103-8478; 1678-4596

The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of joint fusion and bone formation in dogs undergoing atlantoaxial arthrodesis after removal of articular cartilage associated or not to implant homogenous or autogenous cancellous bone. Twelve dogs, weighing between 8 and 12kg were randomly divided into three groups. Group I (GI) performed only the removal of joint cartilage and joint immobilization with acrylic resin and pins. Group II (GII): after removel of joint cartilage and articular immobilization was performed modeling and placement of homogenous cancellous bone at the given location. The volume of homograft placed in the joint was measured using a precision balance and all animals received the same amount. Group III (GIII): this was the same procedure as GI, however, was used autogenous cancellous bone graft at the given location. Radiographic examinations were performed on all animals at 30, 60 and 90 days postoperatively. At 90 days of PO was carried out euthanasia of animals for testing of manual palpation and CT evaluation and histological. Samples were kept in solution in 10% buffered formaldehyde for fixation for a minimum of 72 hours and after, decalcified in formic acid and sodium citrate for subsequent processing and included in paraffin. Sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin for light microscopy evaluation. Statistical analysis of the association between the degree of joint fusion assessed by manual palpation, the digitized radiographic images and CT scans and treatment groups, we applied the Chi-square test of independence. The test results were evaluated by the exact significance and considered statistically significant at 5% significance (P < 0.05). By manual palpation test and by the CT images can be seen that there was no statistically significant difference between groups at 90 days postoperatively. Radiographic analysis of the atlantoaxial joint showed that the degree of fusion was similar among treatments, no statistical difference at 30, 60 and 90 days postoperatively. Regarding the histopathological study of atlantoaxial joint of dogs after 90 days postoperatively was found that bone formation in group I had 25% of each intensity (absent, mild, moderate, severe) in group II, 75% lighter and 25% sharp and in group III, 25% moderate and 75% severe. It can be concluded that the use of graft homogenous preserved in 98%o glycerin in dogs undergoing atlantoaxial fusion method is a viable alternative for treatment of atlantoaxial instability. There is no difference in the degree of joint fusion and bone formation when the technique of atlantoaxial arthrodesis in dogs is associated with autogenous cancellous bone graft or implant homogenous. The removal of articular cartilage alone is an effective and shows similar results to the use of autograft or homogenous implant. Key words: atlantoaxial instability, cancellous bone, neurology, dog. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o grau de fusao articular e formacao ossea na articulacao atlantoaxial de caes submetidos a artrodese apos a remocao da cartilagem articular associada ou nao ao implante homogeno ou enxerto autogeno de osso esponjoso. Foram utilizados 12 caes, adultos, distribuidos aleatoriamente em tres grupos iguais. Grupo I (GI): realizada apenas a remocao da cartilagem articular e imobilizacao articular com pinos e resina acrilica. Grupo II (GII): feita a remocao da cartilagem articular e imobilizacao da articulacao, seguida da colocacao e modelagem do implante osseo esponjoso homogeno entre as superficies articulares. Grupo III (GIII): foi realizado o mesmo procedimento do GII, mais o enxerto osseo esponjoso autogeno no local determinado. Realizaram-se exames radiograficos em todos os animais aos 30, 60 e 90 dias de pos-operatorio (PO). Aos 90 dias de PO foi feita a eutanasia para o emprego do teste de palpacao manual, avaliacao tomografica e histopatologica. Para analise estatistica da associacao entre o grau de fusao articular, aplicou-se o Teste Qui-quadrado de independencia. Os resultados dos testes foram avaliados pela significancia exata e considerados significantes a 5% (P < 0,05). Pelo teste de palpacao manual e pelas imagens tomograficas, nao houve diferenca entre os grupos aos 90 dias de PO. A analise radiografica da articulacao atlantoaxial mostrou que o grau de fusao era semelhante entre os tratamentos entre os tempos de evolucao. Com relacao ao estudo histopatologico da articulacao atlantoaxial dos caes, decorridos 90 dias de PO, foi verificado que a proliferacao ossea no grupo I apresentou grau de intensidade proporcional, no grupo II, 75% leve e 25% acentuada e, no grupo III, 25% moderada e 75% acentuada. Nao existe diferenca quanto ao grau de fusao articular e formacao ossea quando a tecnica de artrodese atlantoaxial em caes for associada ao enxerto de osso esponjoso autogeno ou implante homogeno. A remocao da cartilagem articular isoladamente e uma alternativa eficiente e apresenta resultados semelhantes, quando associada ao enxerto autogeno ou implante homogeno. Palavras-chave : artrodese atlantoaxial, osso homogeno, neurologia, cao.