Plant generation and enzymatic detoxification of reactive oxygen species/ Geracao e desintoxicacao enzimatica de especies reativas de oxigenio em plantas

• Published in: Ciência rural Vol. 44; no. 3; p. 453
• Main Authors: Barbosa, Marta Ribeiro, Silva, Marina Medeiros de Araujo, Willadino, Lilia, Ulisses, Claudia, Camara, Terezinha Rangel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Spanish
• Published: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria 01.03.2014
• Subjects: Antioxidants; Enzymes; Metabolites; Physiological aspects; Plants; Superoxide
• ISSN: 0103-8478; 1678-4596

The biotic and abiotic stress conditions imposed on plants induces overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can cause damage to cellular structures and even lead to the death of the plant. The biochemical and physiological responses of higher plants to oxidative stress includes an efficient antioxidant defense system, which involves the activity of the enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxiredoxines, among others, in addition to non-enzymatic metabolites, which, together, work on eliminating the ROS and in reducing oxidative damage. This review will address the main production sites of ROS and the action of some enzymes of antioxidative defense system in plants. Key words: ROS, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide radical, antioxidant enzymes. As condicoes de estresse biotico e abiotico impostas as plantas induzem a superproducao de especies reativas de oxigenio (ROS), podendo causar danos as estruturas celulares e mesmo acarretar a morte da planta. As respostas bioquimicas e fisiologicas de plantas superiores ao estresse oxidativo incluem um eficiente sistema de defesa antioxidante, que envolve a atividade das enzimas superoxido dismutase, catalase, ascorbato peroxidase, peroxirredoxinas, dentre outras, alem de metabolitos nao enzimaticos, que, de forma conjunta, atuam na eliminacao das ROS e na reducao do dano oxidativo. Nesta revisao, serao abordados os principais sitios de producao de ROS e a acao de algumas enzimas do sistema de defesa antioxidante em plantas. Palavras-chave: ROS, peroxido de hidrogenio, radical superoxido, enzimas antioxidantes.