Influence of Cd[Cl.sub.2] and CdS[O.sub.4] supplementation on Cd distribution and ligand environment in leaves of the Cd hyperaccumulator Noccaea praecox

Background and aims The aim was to investigate whether different Cd salts in the nutrient solution of the Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator Noccaea (Thlaspi) praecox alter leaf Cd distribution and Cd ligand environment, and plant fitness. Methods Plants were grown for 8 weeks with 100/300 µM Cd[Cl.sub.2] or Cd...

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Published inPlant and soil Vol. 370; no. 1-2; p. 125
Main Authors Koren, Spela, Arcon, Iztok, Kump, Peter, Necemer, Marijan, Vogel-Mikus, Katarina
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Springer 01.09.2013
Subjects
Environmental aspects
Health aspects
Ligands (Biochemistry)
Rosidae
Slovenia
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Summary:Background and aims The aim was to investigate whether different Cd salts in the nutrient solution of the Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator Noccaea (Thlaspi) praecox alter leaf Cd distribution and Cd ligand environment, and plant fitness. Methods Plants were grown for 8 weeks with 100/300 µM Cd[Cl.sub.2] or CdS[O.sub.4]. Leaf biomass, and total chlorophyll, anthocyanin, Cd, Cl, S and P concentrations were monitored. Cd localisation and ligand environment in leaves were analysed using quantitative synchrotron-based micro-X-ray fluorescence imaging, and Cd K-edge X-ray absorption fine structure and Cd [L.sub.3]-edge micro-X-ray absorption near-edge structure measurements. Results Cd uptake and plant fitness were comparable for Cd[Cl.sub.2] and CdS[O.sub.4] treatments, and depended on applied Cd concentration. In all treatments, Cd preferentially accumulated with high concentrations of Cl in vacuoles of large vacuolarised epidermal cells, bound mainly to oxygen-based (O)-ligands. In the mesophyll of Cd[Cl.sub.2]- treated plants, Cd was preferentially sequestered in vacuoles, while for CdS[O.sub.4], Cd accumulated preferentially in the apoplast. In the symplast, O-ligands increased with increasing Cd concentrations; in the apoplast, sulphur-based (S)-ligands prevailed. Conclusions Cd partitioning between leaf mesophyll apoplast and symplast and the Cd ligand environment in N. praecox depend on the Cd salt type and concentration added to the nutrient solution. Keywords Anions * Cadmium salts * Synchrotron µ-X-ray fluorescence * Cd K-edge X-ray absorption fine structure * Cd[L.sub.3]-edge µ-X-ray absorption near-edge structure
ISSN:0032-079X
DOI:10.1007/s11104-013-1617-0