Dietary calcium and hypertension: possible relationships between calcium intake and cellular calcium metabolism

Multiple alterations in calcium metabolism have been described in a group of patients with essential hypertension. This group of patients may have serum calcium values in the low to normal range, elevated urinary calcium excretion, and an elevated plasma level parathyroid hormone. These findings are...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inClinical nutrition (Pleasantville, N.J.) Vol. 8; no. 4
Main Authors Isales, C.M. (Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT), Barrett, P.Q, Bollag, W, Rasmussen, H
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published 01.07.1989
Subjects
ABSORCION DE SUBSTANCIAS NUTRITIVAS
ABSORPTION DE SUBSTANCES NUTRITIVES
CALCIO
CALCIUM
GENERO HUMANO
GENRE HUMAIN
HORMONAS
HORMONE
METABOLISME DES MINERAUX
METABOLISMO DE MINERALES
PRESION SANGUINEA
PRESSION SANGUINE
TRASTORNOS CIRCULATORIOS
TROUBLE CIRCULATOIRE
Online AccessGet more information

Cover

More Information
Summary:Multiple alterations in calcium metabolism have been described in a group of patients with essential hypertension. This group of patients may have serum calcium values in the low to normal range, elevated urinary calcium excretion, and an elevated plasma level parathyroid hormone. These findings are considered paradoxic because hypercalcemia, not hypocalcemia, is usually associated with elevations in blood pressure. Epidemiologic data suggest that low dietary calcium intake is associated with a higher incidence of hypertension. Conversely, supplementation with dietary calcium ameliorates the elevated blood pressure present in a subgroup of patients with hypertension. Circumstantial evidence implicates the parathyroid hormone--1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 axis in the cause of hypertension, yet the exact link remains elusive. We have used the adrenal glomerulosa cell as a model to define the normal alterations in cellular calcium metabolism that occur on hormonal stimulation. Within the context of this model we review some of the abnormalities in calcium metabolism described in patients with hypertension. We also review possible mechanisms by which changes in dietary calcium may affect calcium metabolism at the cellular level, including a recently described modulation of the angiotensin-aldosterone axis by parathyroid hormone. This latter interaction may be a link between changes in calcium metabolism at the organ and cellular levels. We propose a hypothetic model that could account for the changes in blood pressure observed after changes in dietary sodium or calcium intake
Bibliography:S30
9014205
ISSN:0733-2327