How optimal are computer-calculated optimals diets?

Objective: This paper aims at clarifying the meaning of 'optimal diets'. Design: Two different optimization approaches are considered. Both depart from people's actual diets which in general do not meet all their nutrient requirements. In the first case (non fuzzy approach) the actual...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inEuropean journal of clinical nutrition Vol. 53; no. 4; pp. 309 - 318
Main Authors Gedrich, K, Hensel, A, Binder, I, Karg, G
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published 1999
Subjects
calcium
computer techniques
diet
feeding habits
folic acid
food choices
food intake
fuzzy logic
iodine
mathematical models
menu planning
nutrient requirements
optimization
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

More Information
Summary:Objective: This paper aims at clarifying the meaning of 'optimal diets'. Design: Two different optimization approaches are considered. Both depart from people's actual diets which in general do not meet all their nutrient requirements. In the first case (non fuzzy approach) the actual diets are modified such that all nutrient intake recommendations are met and the resulting changes in the persons' food habits are as little as possible. In the second case (fuzzy approach) the actual diets are modified such that the person' food habits undergo little change and the nutrient intake recommendations are met as well as possible. Both approaches are evaluated using date on the actual diets of three randomly chosen participants of the Bavarian Food Intake Survey. Results: With both aproaches feasible solutions can be found. The optimal diets computed with the non fuzzy approach satisfy all the persons' nutrient requirements, but make it necessary to change the persons' food habits considerable. When compared to the subjects' actual diets, the optimal computed with the fuzzy approach yield improvements for the intake of many nutrients, but in some cases deteriorations also occur (for example, concerning folate, calcium and iodine). So, the process and the results of the fuzzy approach are not 'Pareto efficient'. But it has the advantage that the corresponding optimal diets deviate from the actual diets by no more than about 3-5 kitchen units per day. Conclusions: The term 'optimal' does not have a general meaning. An 'optimal diet' does not necessarily meet all the nutrient requirements of a person. Optimality only depends on the respective conditions any optimization is based on.
ISSN:0954-3007
1476-5640