THE POSSIBILITY OF INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF HARVESTING AND TRANSPORT PROCESS OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES

• Published in: Naucnyj zurnal Kubanskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta pp. 1314 - 1329
• Main Authors: Uspensky I. A, Yukhin I. A, Shaforostov V. A, Krekov S. A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kuban State Agrarian University 30.06.2015
• Subjects: DAMAGES; LOSSES OF PRODUCTION; PRESERVATION; TRACTOR TRANSPORT; TRANSPORT OPERATIONS
• ISSN: 1990-4665; 1990-4665

An integral part of technological process for the cultivation of agricultural crop is the transportation. It requires significant energy and labor costs. The statistics show that the proportion of expenses for transportation of goods in agriculture reaches 25-40% of the total costs for the production made, when the proportion of farm tractor transportations reaches 60% of the total. Thus there are considerable losses of production, reaching in separate cases up to 50%. They are especially high in the harvesting and post-harvest cycles of crop production which is connected with crop damage during transportation. The quality of fruits and vegetables during the harvest depends on the technology of its collection and transportation. Due to the rapid deterioration of most agricultural products, agricultural producers have the task in careful transportation of the fruit. A huge role in the preservation of the product is its harvesting and packing into containers. In Russia we use wooden boxes, and foreign farmers use containers, whereby they have higher productivity and preservation of fruits. The type of vehicle, the time of a day and the air temperature also have a large impact on crop damage. In Soviet times, various technologies have been developed for harvesting and transportation of the harvest to consumers using various types of forklifts, harvesters and vehicles. In our time, it requires the development of new technologies for harvesting and transportation of agricultural products to achieve a higher level of automation and high profitability of agricultural production