Ispitivanje ekstrakcije ploda morača (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) / Investigation of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. fruit extraction

• Published in: Bilten za alternativne biljne vrste Vol. 42; no. 83; pp. 22 - 31
• Main Authors: Lepojević, Žika (Tehnološki fakultet, Novi Sad (Srbija). Katedra za biotehnologiju i farmaceutsko inženjerstvo), Zeković, Zoran (Tehnološki fakultet, Novi Sad (Srbija). Katedra za biotehnologiju i farmaceutsko inženjerstvo), Damjanović, Biljana (Metalurško-tehnološki fakultet, Podgorica (Crna Gora)), Milošević, Svetlana (Tehnološki fakultet, Novi Sad (Srbija). Katedra za biotehnologiju i farmaceutsko inženjerstvo), Lepojević, Ivana (Tehnološki fakultet, Novi Sad (Srbija). Katedra za biotehnologiju i farmaceutsko inženjerstvo), Adamović, Dušan S. (Institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad (Srbija))
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Serbian
• Published: Institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad (Srbija) 2010
• Subjects: essential oils; Extraction; Foeniculum vulgare

We investigated the extraction kinetics of fennel fruit (Foeniculi fructus) depending on three extraction methods, steam distillation, ethanol and supercritical CO2 extraction. The coefficient of rapid extraction (b), as an extraction parameter, increased in proportion to the increase in grinding degree of plant material. Approximated values of the coefficient of internal diffusion (Du) for particles in the plate form (hypothetic form) ranged from 10-9 to 10-8 cm2/s in dependence of the solvents used, 95% ethanol and supercritical CO2. The value of Du increased in proportion to the increase in particle diameter, which indicated that high grinding degrees tended to cause a significant destruction of plant tissue structure, so that turbulent mass transfer be came dominant in the extraction process. The samples of essential oil (EU), methylene chloride extract (MHE) and CO2 extract analyzed by the GC-FID and GC-MS methods indicated that trans-anethole was their major compound. The trans-anethole content in the essential oil and CO2 extract was 62-64%, and 37% in MHE. EU and SFE had approximately equal contents of the other dominant compounds except tetradecane, 1-octadecanol and 7-octadecanone.