Success story : commercial production of SPF Penaeus monodon brood stock in Malaysia

• Published in: Proceedings of the 5th National Fisheries Symposium 2008 pp. 1 - 6
• Main Authors: Nancy ES Tan-Wong, K. Subramaniam
• Format: Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Published: Jabatan Perikanan Malaysia 2009
• Subjects: Diseases; Induced spawning; Malaysia; Penaeus monodon; SPF
• ISBN: 9789839114485; 9839114484

Penaeus monodon is the preferred species in Malaysia which isexpected to give good economic return, greater profit margin and earn the much needed foreign revenue. However, beginning 1999 the industry experienced White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) disease outbreak which resulted in mass mortality and caused heavy economic losses. Mitigation measures, including good management practices, thorough screening of brood stock and adopting bio-securitymeasures in the culture operation did curtail the problems to some extent but the extra cost involved could only be absorbed by major commercial shrimp farms. The rest opted for L. vannamei (Pacific white shrimp) culture upon its ban being lifted officially beginning 2004. Shrimp production accelerated and reached 70,000 mt in2007 with about 80% of its contribution coming from L. vannamei. With the changing scenario, the Malaysian Government continued its effort to encourage black tiger shrimp farming with an objective to increase its share. Department of Fisheries Malaysia (DoF) and Black Tiger Aquaculture Sdn. Bhd (BTA) engaged in a collaborative work to develop Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) P. monodon brood stockback in 2003 using wild shrimp brood stock from Africa. The wild brood stocks went through intensive screening and testing process for the six different viruses over six to eight weeks of holding period in the primary quarantine area. During the period,the screening process is repeated for second and third time at two weeks interval for SPF confirmation. Selected brood stocks were marked and progressed to the secondary quarantine area. They are then held in maturation tanks for induced spawning via unilateral eyestalk ablation. The spawn and offspring from a uniquefemale constitute a family and a good number of such families have been screened rigorously. About 100 families are selected each year to produce the subsequent generation. Several lines of F1 offspring from SPF stocks have been reared to adult size in plastic lined ponds and fiberglass tanks. These adults are transferred intomaturation tanks for production of the generations. A great number of the SPF stocks have produced convincing results. Many have spawned ten or more times at BTA hatchery with nauplii production averaging 200,000 piecEls per spawn. Survival from nauplii stage to PL15 has increased from 30 to 45% and with good stress testresults. The SPF program has progressed well for the last seven years and now Malaysia is very proUd to have successfully produced the fourth generation of SPF marine tiger shrimp brood stock with the fifth generation being raised now in tanks to produce subsequent generations in BTA and other farms throughout the country oncommercial scale, definitely paving way to increase P. monodon share in Malaysia.Keywords: Penaeus monodon, virus, SPF, induce spawning, disease