Male and female flower buds differentiation and development in Japanese persimmon 'Nishimurawase', 'Zenjimaru' and 'Taisyu'

• Published in: Research Reports of Kochi University. Agriculture (Japan) Vol. 52
• Main Authors: Hasegawa, K.(Kochi Univ., Nankoku (Japan). Faculty of Agriculture), Fukuta, T, Nishio, K, Kitajima, A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Japanese
• Published: 01.12.2003
• Subjects: CRECIMIENTO; CROISSANCE; DIOSPYROS KAKI; FEMALES; FEMELLE; FLORACION; FLORAISON; FLOWERING; GROWTH; HEMBRA; MACHO; MALE; MALES
• ISSN: 0389-0473

Patterns of floral differentiation and developmental stages were studied in three monoecios-type Japanese persirnmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb) 'Nishimurawase', 'Zenjimaru' and 'Taishu'. Time of sprouting and male or female flowering, weight of male and female flower and appearance of staminate or pistillate shoots were compared among three cultivars. l. Time of floral differentiation and developmental stages were earliest in 'Nishirnurawase'. In 1998, the staminate floral prirnordium of 'Nishirhurawase', 'Zenjimaru' and 'Taishu' started to differentiate in 20 May, 10 June and 10 June, respectively and the pistiuate floral pritnordium of those three cultivars , started to diffentiate in 30 May, 20 June and 10 June, respectively. Differentiation progressed until August, when the sepal or petal pritnordium in pistmate flowers and the petal primordium in staminate flowers had become evident. The buds then entered a quiescent, over wintering state. 2. The starninate floral primordium (central flower) of 'Nishilnurawase' and 'Zenjimaru' developed to stamen formation stages on I March and 20 March in 1999, respectively and further, those transformed to pistillate formation stages in 20 March and 30 March, respectively. The pistillate floral primordium of 'Nishirnurawase', 'Zenjimaru' and 'Taishu' developed to stamen formation stages in 20 March, 30 March and 10 April, and further, those transformed to pistnlate-formation stages in 30 March, 10 April and 10 April after, respectively. Developmental stages of flower buds on 2-years branches were advanced at 1st bud (terminal position), and those were dilated at lower part of bud. 3. Buds of 'Nishirnurawase', 'Zenjimaru' and 'Taishu' were sprouted at 18 March, 22 March and 29 March in 1999, respectively and bloomed at 3 May, 7 May and 10 May. 4. In 3 cultivars, percentages of pistnlate bearing shoot were highest in 1st bud (terminal bud) on 2-years branches and those of staminate bearing shoot were lowest in 1st bud, reversely. Female flower weights 'of 'Nishimurawase', 'Zenjimaru' and 'Taishu' were 1.48, 1.40 and 1.13 g, respectively, and central male flower weights of those 3 cultivars were 0.26, 0.29 and 0.28 g, and lateral flower weights were 0.26, 0.27 and 0.26 g, respectively. These results indicated that the earlier turning of bud sprouting were correlated to earlier differentiation in staminate and pistiuate floral prirnordium of three cultivars, so that the timing of flower buds differentiation may be depend on the shoot ripening. Furthermore, as the rapid development of floral primordium after breaking of bud dormancy were corresponded with the eeriness of bud sprouting depended on cultivar property, advantage developmental stages of floral primordium in timing until blooming would be concerned with the plenty of translation of carbohydrate and plant growth regulator to new shoot and bud.