Statudy on effects of different tillage systems on soll physical properties and wheat yield in wheat- safflower rotation in Gachsaran

• Main Authors: Asghari Meydani, Jalil, Heydar Pur, Nosrat Ol-Lah, Naraki, Faraj Ol-Lah
• Format: Publication
• Language: Persian
• Published: Maragheh (Iran) Dryland Agricultural Research Institute 2008
• Subjects: BLE; CARTAMO; CARTHAME; CROP ROTATION; CULTIVATION; CULTIVO; DEFONCAGE DU SOL; Gachsaran Agricultural Research Station; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_14022; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_2018; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_25707; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_25768; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_6662; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7182; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_7771; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_8373; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_8488; Kohgiluyeh va Boyerahmad ( Province ); LABRANZA; MAQUINARIA DE LABRANZA; MATERIEL DE TRAVAIL DU SOL; PRATIQUE CULTURALE; PROPIEDADES FISICO - QUIMICAS SUELO; PROPRIETE PHYSICOCHIMIQUE DU SOL; RENDEMENT; RENDIMIENTO; ROTACION DE CULTIVOS; ROTATION CULTURALE; ROTURACION; SAFFLOWER; SOIL BREAKING; SOIL CHEMICOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; TILLAGE; TILLAGE EQUIPMENT; TRAVAIL DU SOL; TRIGO; WHEATS; YIELDS

In order to determine suitable tillage systems and preparing for planting wheat in wheat- safflower rotation, this study was conducted by RCBD with 3 replications and 6 treatments in hot regions (Gachsaran) at 2 phases during 2004 to 2008.These treatments consisted on: T1: Moldboard plow + Disk harrow + Seed planting with deep grain drill T2: Sweep + Disk harrow + Seed planting with deep grain drill T3: Chisel plow +Disk harrow + Seed planting with deep grain drill T4: Chisel plow + Power harrow (Cyclotiller) + Seed planting with deep grain drill T5: Without moldboard plow + Disk harrow + Seed planting with deep grain drill T6: No tillage + Seed planting with deep grain drill To study the effects of different tillage systems and compairing their, soil physical and chemical properties, wheat grain yield and components were measured. Results of analysis combine showed, that different tillage systems were significant on grain yield at 0.01 level. The greatest grain yield obtained from tillage systems T1 (Moldboard plow + Disk harrow), T2 (Sweep + Disk harrow) twice with 2515 kg.ha-1, T3 (Chisel plow +Disk harrow) 2488 kg.ha-1 and the lowest from no tillage system 1961 kg.ha-1. Difference of tillage systems on soil moisture humidity at depths of 15- 30cm in heading stage at 0.01 level was significant. In average of moisture of two years evaluation tillage systems in depths 0-45cm at heading stage, tillage of system T2 (Sweep + Disk harrow) with 18.9 percent and ripening stage tillage of system T1 (Moldboard plow + Disk harrow) with 11.3 percent were the greatest. Also, at analysis samples soil physical and chemical properties before and after conducting observated no significantly, if in the most importance their, organic carbon, system of tillage T2 (Sweep + Disk harrow) with 0.817 in compairing of 0.787 percent before coducting the ratio of another systems was increased. At measurement bulck density depths of 15-30, 30-45cm was significantly between tillage systems. In adition to in this parameter at the all depths, operating tillage system of T2 (Sweep + Disk harrow) with the average 1.46 g.cm-3 was the lowest amount in compairin of 1.61 g.cm-3 before conducting. In adition, results of this project and the positive role of conservation tillage, reduced tillage, no tillage and reduced consumption energy, tillage of systems: T2 (Sweep + Disk harrow), T3 (Chisel plow +Disk harrow) and T6 (no tillage) (in moderate conditions) respectively in Gachsaran and similar regions be recommended.