PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A MICROPOROUS CARBON MATERIAL AND USE THEREOF IN THE SELECTIVE SEPARATION OF PARAFFINS C5-C10

• Main Authors: LAREDO SANCHEZ, GEORGINA, CECILIA, CASTILLO MUNGUIA, J., JESUS, MARES GALLARDO, MARIA, TERESA, JIMENEZ CRUZ, FEDERICO, JESUS, SAINT MARTIN CASTANON, RICARDO, LEYVA TRIAS, SARA, DEL CARMEN, CANO DOMINGUEZ, JOSE, LUIS
• Format: Patent
• Language: English; French; Spanish
• Published: 28.06.2007
• Subjects: ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOIDCHEMISTRY; CHEMISTRY; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON; COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; FUELS; INORGANIC CHEMISTRY; LUBRICANTS; MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVINGCARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS; METALLURGY; MINERAL WAXES; NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; PEAT; PERFORMING OPERATIONS; PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVEHYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, ORGASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; SEPARATION; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS; TRANSPORTING

The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a microporous carbon material which is mainly used in the petroleum industry owing to the high selectivity thereof in the separation of paraffins C5-C10, particularly linear, mono-branched and multi-branched paraffins, which is characterised in that it is obtained from copolymers of poly(vinylidene chloride (PVDC) with poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) or poly(methyl acrylate) (AM) or poly(methyl acrylate) and poly(acrylonitrile) (AM-ACN). The inventive manufacture process is performed in two consecutive steps, namely: 1) a pre-carbonisation step involving chemical attack in liquid phase using an alkaline hydroxide dissolved in an alcohol, and 2) a calcination step at temperatures above 500 °C in an inert atmosphere. The main advantages of the adsorbent material thus obtained lie in the fact that it: 1) is a microporous material with high selectivity for the separation of paraffins C5-C10, depending on chain length and the branching ratio thereof; and 2) retains the original shape of the original material (spheres, blocks or extruded bodies) with a uniform particle size distribution. La presente invención se refiere a un proceso para la manufactura de material microporoso de carbón, utilizado principalmente en la industria petrolera por su alta selectividad en la separación de parafinas C5-C10, en particular de parafinas lineales, monoramificadas y multiramificadas. El proceso de manufactura del material de la presente invención, se realiza en dos etapas consecutivas: 1) etapa de pre-carbonización por ataque químico en fase líquida mediante un hidróxido alcalino disuelto en un alcohol y 2) etapa de calcinación a temperaturas mayores a 500 °C en una atmósfera inerte. El material adsorbente obtenido mediante el proceso de la presente invención, presenta principalmente las siguientes ventajas: 1) material microporoso de alta selectividad para la separación de las parafinas C5-C10, dependiendo de la longitud de la cadena y su grado de ramificación, y 2) conserva la forma original del material original. L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de matériau microporeux de carbone, utilisé principalement dans l'industrie pétrolière pour sa haute sélectivité dans la séparation de paraffines C5-C10, en particulier des paraffines linéaires, monoramifiées et multiramifiées. Le procédé de fabrication du matériau selon l'invention se déroule en deux étapes consécutives : 1) étape de précarbonisation par attaque chimique en phase liquide au moyen d'un hydroxyde alcalin dissout dans un alcool et 2) étape de calcination à des températures supérieures à 500 °C dans une atmosphère inerte. Le matériau adsorbant ainsi obtenu présente principalement les avantages suivants : 1) matériau microporeux à haute sélectivité pour la séparation des paraffines C5-C10, selon la longueur de la chaîne et son degré de ramification et 2) conserve la forme originale du matériau original.