WATER-ENGINEERING SYSTEM AT WATERCOURSE OF SEASONAL ACTION UNDER CONDITIONS OF PERMAFROST SOILS, COOLING UNIT AND METHOD TO OPERATE WATER-ENGINEERING SYSTEM

• Main Authors: LEJMANN TAT'JANA VITAL'EVNA, CHUPIN GENNADIJ ALEKSEEVICH, JAGIN VASILIJ PETROVICH, MAKAROV DMITRIJ NIKOLAEVICH, PAPKO NADEZHDA ROMANOVNA
• Format: Patent
• Language: English; Russian
• Published: 10.05.2011
• Subjects: EMBANKMENTS; EXCAVATIONS; FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS; FOUNDATIONS; HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; SOIL SHIFTING; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES

FIELD: construction. ^ SUBSTANCE: water-engineering system comprises a soil dam, which forms a water storage pond at the waterway, a water outlet of open type, arranged between the blind parts of the ground dam and an inlet threshold arranged where the waterway enters the pond. At the discharge slope of the dam and at the bottom of the pond cup there is an antifiltering water-impermeable geomembrane made of polymer material. The water outlet is a gabion structure reinforced with lengthy bars and transverse elements made of shaped rolled metal and is enclosed at the bottom and at the sides into a polymer geomembrane. The water outlet geomembrane within its head part to the specified level is coupled with the pond geomembrane in a water-impermeable manner. The inlet threshold is made of gabions joined to each other and forming a solid flexible gabion structure, at the bottom and sides enclosed into a heat-insulation shell and a water-impermeable geomembrane, which is coupled with the pond geomembrane, and by means of a frost curtain - to permafrost soils of foundation and boards. The frost curtain is arranged along the cog filled with the cohesive soil and is made by means of at least one unit, freezing pipes of which are arranged along the cog and are bent. The cooling unit comprises two external heat exchangers and two soil heat exchangers installed at the specified distance from each other. The external heat exchanger represents a tubular expander, which gives heat of the liquid coolant with its natural convection in the unit to the cold outside air. The soil heat exchanger is a freezing pipe arranged in soil and bent along length, and its diametre is less than the diametre of the tubular expander. One freezing pipe is hydraulically communicated with the inlet (head) end to the part of one (first) tubular expander, which is lowest in height, and with the outlet (drain) end - to the middle part of the other (second) tubular expander. The other freezing pipe is hydraulically communicated with the inlet end to the lower part of second tubular expander, and with the outlet end - to the middle part of the first expander. Drain holes of outlet ends of the freezing pipes are arranged at the same level. Method to operate the water-engineering system includes filling of the pond with inflow water to a sage level in warm season of the year, subsequent drain of some inflow water from the pond through the water outlet and water intake from the pond for the user during the year with simultaneous exhaustion of the pond down to the permissible level to the end of the cold season of the year, which is characterised by exceeded intensity of water intake above the intensity of water inflow into the pond. In cold season of the year additional water is supplied into the pond from an adapted source. ^ EFFECT: increased reliability in development and operation of the water-engineering system. ^ 9 cl, 8 dwg Изобретения относятся к гидротехническому строительству. Гидроузел содержит грунтовую плотину, создающую на водотоке водохранилище, водосброс открытого типа, выполненный между глухими частями грунтовой плотины, и входной порог, расположенный при впадении водотока в водохранилище. На напорном откосе плотины и на дне чаши водохранилища расположена противофильтрационная водонепроницаемая геомембрана, выполненная из полимерного материала. Водосброс представляет собой габионную конструкцию, усиленную выполненными из профильного металлопроката продольными длинномерами и поперечными элементами и заключенную снизу и с боков в геомембрану из полимерного материала. Геомембрана водосброса в пределах его головной части до заданного уровня водонепроницаемо сопряжена с геомембраной водохранилища. Входной порог выполнен из габионов, связанных между собой и образующих цельную гибкую габионную конструкцию, снизу и с боков заключенную в теплоизоляционную оболочку и водонепроницаемую геомембрану, которая сопряжена с геомембраной водохранилища, а посредством мерзлотной завесы - с многолетнемерзлыми грунтами основания и бортов. Мерзлотная завеса расположена вдоль заполненного связным грунтом зуба и выполнена посредством, по меньшей мере, одной охлаждающей установки, замораживающие трубы которой расположены вдоль зуба и изогнуты. Охлаждающая установка содержит установленные на заданном расстоянии друг от друга два наружных теплообменника и два грунтовых теплообменника. Наружный теплообменник представляет собой трубчатый расширитель, отдающий тепло жидкого теплоносителя при его естественной конвекции