DETECTION SYSTEM FOR DETECTING DISCONTINUITY INTERFACES AND/OR ANOMALIES IN PORE PRESSURES IN GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS

• Main Authors: GALLUZZI Renato, ZAMPATO Massimo, CARMINATI Stefano, MAURO Stefano
• Format: Patent
• Language: English; Spanish
• Published: 10.12.2021
• Subjects: ACOUSTICS; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEAF-AID SETS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE; ELECTRICITY; FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL; GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL; GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKEACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; MEASURING; METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICALVIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING,NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; PERFORMING OPERATIONS; PHYSICS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS; SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; TESTING; TRANSPORTING

Detection system (100) comprising: a drill bit (200) in which one or more electro-acoustic transducers (10, 11, 12) configured to operate as a transmitter and/or receiver, are integrated; analogue driving electronic circuits (110) and analogue receiving electronic circuits (111); a processing and control unit (120) associated with the analogue driving (110) and receiving (111) electronic circuits, the processing and control unit (120) being associated with a data storage unit (121) and is powered electrically by an electrical supply system (122), the processing and control unit (120) being configured for generating driving signals to be sent to the electro-acoustic transducer acting as a transmitter (10) by means of the analogue driving electronic circuits (110), for acquiring the signals received from the electro-acoustic transducer acting as a receiver (20) by means of the analogue receiving electronic circuits (111) and for processing the received signals in such a way as to determine the presence of discontinuity interfaces and/or anomalies in pore pressures in geological formations; characterised in that each of said electro-acoustic transducers (10, 11, 12) is adapted to be in contact with a pressurised fluid and is of the type comprising: a tubular body (20), which extends in length along a longitudinal direction X, said tubular body (20) comprising a first end portion (21) and a second end portion (22), opposed to each other longitudinally, the tubular body (20) having internally a first chamber (23), which ends with the first end portion (21) and a second chamber (24) on one side adjacent and in fluid communication with the first chamber (23) and, on the other side ending with the second end portion (22), the first end portion (21) being closed towards the outside by means of a membrane (26) applied to the tubular body (20), the second end portion (22) having one or more openings (27) that put it into fluid communication towards the outside, the first chamber (23) containing in its walls a plurality of electrical windings (25) arranged in succession between them in the longitudinal direction X, the second chamber (24) being filled with a liquid; a movable element (30) housed in the first chamber (23), the movable element (30) comprising a plurality of permanent magnets (31) packed and arranged one above the other with alternate magnetisation in the longitudinal direction X, and separated one from the other by discs of ferromagnetic material, the movable element (31) being supported at the longitudinal ends by springs (40), the movable element (30) also being connected to said membrane (26); a movable piston (45) positioned and slidable in the second end portion (22). Sistema (100) de detección que comprende: una broca (200) en la que se integran uno o varios transductores (10, 11, 12) electroacústicos configurados para funcionar como transmisor y/o receptor; circuitos (110) electrónicos de activación analógica y circuitos (111) electrónicos de recepción analógica; una unidad (120) de control y procesamiento asociada a los circuitos (110) electrónicos de activación analógica y (111) de recepción, la unidad (120) de control y procesamiento está asociada a una unidad (121) de almacenamiento de datos y es alimentada eléctricamente por un sistema (122) de suministro eléctrico, la unidad (120) de control y procesamiento está configurada para generar señales de activación que se envían al transductor electroacústico que actúa como transmisor (10) por medio de los circuitos (110) electrónicos de activación analógica para adquirir las señales recibidas del transductor electroacústico que actúa como receptor (20) por medio de los circuitos (111) electrónicos de recepción analógicos y para procesar las señales recibidas de manera que se determine la presencia de interfaces de discontinuidad y/o de anomalías en las presiones de poros en las formaciones geológicas; caracterizado porque cada uno de los transductores (10,11,12) electroacústicos se adapta para estar en contacto con un fluido presurizado y es del tipo que comprende un cuerpo (20) tubular, que se extiende en longitud a lo largo de una dirección longitudinal X, el cuerpo (20) tubular que comprende una primera porción (21) de extremo y una segunda porción (22) de extremo, opuestas entre sí longitudinalmente, teniendo el cuerpo (20) tubular internamente una primera cámara (23), que termina con la primera porción (21) de extremo y una segunda cámara (24) en un lado.