METHOD FOR COLLECTING VALUABLE SUBSTANCE FROM USED LITHIUM ION BATTERY

• Main Authors: FUJISAWA RYUTARO, KOIZUMI HIROMICHI, HIRATA KOICHIRO, HAYASHI HIROSHI
• Format: Patent
• Language: English; Japanese
• Published: 28.09.2017
• Subjects: BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS; CHEMISTRY; DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; ELECTRICITY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLIDMATERIALS OR FLUIDS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROMSOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; METALLURGY; PERFORMING OPERATIONS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS; PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSIONOF CHEMICAL INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY; PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINED SOIL SOIL; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS; SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATICTABLES OR JIGS; TRANSPORTING; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for collecting a valuable substance from a used lithium ion battery capable of accurately discriminating copper and aluminum that are utilized as a collector, from a lithium ion battery using a lithium compound that generates a magnetic oxide through thermal decomposition reaction as a cathode active material and further collecting an active material component as fine powder.SOLUTION: A valuable substance collection method includes a discharge step S01, a thermal decomposition step S02, a primary crush step S03, a primary screening step S04, a secondary crush step S05, a secondary screening step S06, a primary magnetic force discrimination step S07, a secondary magnetic force discrimination step S08, a specific gravity discrimination step S09 and a magnetic oxide collection step S10. In the thermal decomposition step S02, a lithium compound contained in a cathode is made into magnetic oxide and in the secondary magnetic force discrimination step S08, the magnetic oxide is separated into an attraction substance containing the magnetic oxide and a non-attraction substance. In the specific gravity discrimination step S09, specific gravity discrimination is performed on the non-attraction substance, and the non-attraction substance is separated into a high specific gravity product containing a copper foil and a low specific gravity product containing an aluminum foil.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1 【課題】正極活物質として、熱分解反応により磁性酸化物を生成するリチウム化合物を用いたリチウムイオン電池から集電体として利用されている銅とアルミニウムが精度よく選別でき、さらに活物質成分を微粉として回収することができる使用済みリチウムイオン電池から有価物を回収する方法を提供する。【解決手段】放電工程Ｓ０１と、熱分解工程Ｓ０２と、一次破砕工程Ｓ０３と、一次篩分工程Ｓ０４と、二次破砕工程Ｓ０５と、二次篩分工程Ｓ０６と、一次磁力選別工程Ｓ０７と、二次磁力選別工程Ｓ０８と、比重選別工程Ｓ０９と、磁性酸化物回収工程Ｓ１０と、を備え、熱分解工程Ｓ０２にて、正極に含まれているリチウム化合物を磁性酸化物とし、二次磁力選別工程Ｓ０８にて、磁性酸化物を含む磁着物と非磁着物とに分離し、比重選別工程Ｓ０９にて、非磁着物に対して比重選別を行って、銅箔を含む高比重産物とアルミニウム箔を含む低比重産物とに分離する方法。【選択図】図１