Production of olefins, particularly ethylene, by thermal cracking of hydrocarbons

Low molecular weight olefins, particularly ethylene, are obtained by thermal cracking in a cracking tube at above 750 DEG C. of aliphatic hydrocarbons having a final b.p. below 300 DEG C., e.g. light naphtha, followed by cooling to below 400 DEG C. in a cooling unit comprising either a single-tube c...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors MARKERT FERDINAND, RICHTER GOTTFRIED, MEYER HERMANN, BUSCHMANN KARL, SCHWEITZER ARMIN
Format Patent
LanguageEnglish
Published 18.10.1967
Subjects
ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
BLASTING
CHEMISTRY
CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS
DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OFGENERAL APPLICATION
FUELS
HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS,IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
HEATING
LIGHTING
LUBRICANTS
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
METALLURGY
MINERAL WAXES
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
PEAT
PERFORMING OPERATIONS
PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES
PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVEHYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION
RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, ORGASES
REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS
REFORMING OF NAPHTHA
SEPARATION
TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
TRANSPORTING
WEAPONS
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Summary:Low molecular weight olefins, particularly ethylene, are obtained by thermal cracking in a cracking tube at above 750 DEG C. of aliphatic hydrocarbons having a final b.p. below 300 DEG C., e.g. light naphtha, followed by cooling to below 400 DEG C. in a cooling unit comprising either a single-tube cooler or a single-tube cooler followed by a multi-tube cooler, the single-tube cooler in either case being connected to the cracking tube by a connecting-piece so short that the residence time of the cracked gas in the connecting-piece is less than 0.01 sec. The connecting piece is preferably installed in the brickwork of the furnace casing, and is usually conical, the internal diameter of the cooling tube being greater than that of the cracking tube. More than one cracking tube may be connected to the same cooling unit. The process is stated to reduce undesirable side-reactions in the cracked gas, e.g. deposition of coke and production of methane and hydrogen.
Bibliography:Application Number: GB19660008593